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About Heroic Citizens, Brave Knights and Loving Shepherds:Images of the Middle Ages in France before the Revolution of 1789

关于英雄的公民、勇敢的骑士和慈爱的牧羊人:1789年革命前的法国中世纪形象

基本信息

批准号：
228537556
负责人：
Professor Dr. Dietmar Rieger
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Romanistik
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2011-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/228537556?language=en
关键词：
About Heroic Citizens Brave Knights

项目摘要

Focusing on literary and cultural history and drawing on especially literary, but also historiographic and philological texts, this project examines the images of the Middle Ages in France during the Age of Enlightenment - particularly in the second half of the eighteenth century - within the context of cultural memory discourses held about the national past. Furthermore, the project is based on the observation that the reception of the Middle Ages is neither exclusively monopolized by the militant branch within the French Enlightenment, the 'philosophes', who tended to portray this image as negative with the intention to discredit it, nor revalued for the first time by the Romantics after the French Revolution by introducing idealized images of the Middle Ages into the collective memory. Rather, the period of the Ancien Régime already witnesses a diverse and varied consideration of the medieval past and thus an imaginary (re-)construction of the Middle Ages in various disciplines and at different textual levels. These images of the Middle Ages are considered manifestations of different, but nonetheless coexisting French memory cultures, which have to be analyzed both from a coherent cultural sciences perspective and in the context of questions related to the origin and the development of historical consciousness, the formation of academic institutions and research areas as well as the blossoming of several literary trends. At the same time, when analyzing these cultures, a distinction needs to be drawn between the proponents of separate images and consumers' needs. The project's aims are, on the one hand, to work out the plurality and diversity, but also the functionality of the images related to the Middle Ages in the eighteenth century and, by revealing these characteristics, to relativize the 'philosophers'' monopoly regarding cultural memory in the Age of Enlightenment as well as the Romantics' contribution to the rehabilitation of the Middle Ages after the Revolution at the beginning of the nineteenth century. On the other hand, within this general context of intellectual and ideological history, history of literature and history of science, a detailed analysis of the corresponding texts belonging to different genres will be conducted to illuminate their model qualities, i.e. the functionally determined constructivity of the inherent images oscillating between the two extremes of the 'Dark Ages' and the exemplary representation of the 'bon vieux temps'.

该项目侧重于文学和文化史，特别是利用文学、但也包括历史学和文献学的文本，在关于国家历史的文化记忆论述的背景下，研究启蒙时代--特别是18世纪下半叶--法国中世纪的形象。此外，该项目是基于这样一种观察，即中世纪的接受既不完全被法国启蒙运动中的激进分支--“哲学家”垄断，他们倾向于将这一形象描绘为负面的，意图诋毁它，也不是在法国大革命后第一次被浪漫主义者通过将理想化的中世纪形象引入集体记忆而重新估价。相反，古代的雷吉姆时期已经见证了对中世纪过去的不同和不同的考虑，因此在不同学科和不同文本水平上想象(重新)构建了中世纪。这些中世纪的图像被认为是不同但共存的法国记忆文化的表现，必须从连贯的文化学角度进行分析，并在与历史意识的起源和发展、学术机构和研究领域的形成以及几种文学潮流的兴起有关的问题的背景下进行分析。同时，在分析这些文化时，需要区分不同形象的支持者和消费者的需求。该项目的目标是，一方面，研究与十八世纪中世纪有关的图像的多元性和多样性，以及图像的功能性，并通过揭示这些特征，相对化启蒙运动时代关于文化记忆的‘哲学家’垄断，以及浪漫主义对十九世纪初革命后中世纪复兴的贡献。另一方面，在知识分子和思想史、文学史和科学史的大背景下，我们将对属于不同体裁的相应文本进行详细的分析，以阐明它们的典范品质，即在“黑暗时代”的两个极端之间摇摆的内在形象的功能决定的建构性和“美好生活的临时”的典范表现。