The Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network

天体物理现象，特别是能量最高的现象，可能会发出从光子到中微子和宇宙射线的一系列粒子。它们还可能产生引力辐射。这些“信使”携带着这些来源中能量和物理条件的细节。天体物理多信息观测站网络(AMON)旨在通过将世界领先的多信息观测站合并成一个单一的数据系统来发现和研究新的天体物理现象。AMON将连接以下设备：观测高能中微子(冰立方和心宿二中微子观测站)、作为宇宙射线观测的亚原子粒子(Pierre Auger宇宙线观测站)、伽马射线光子(SWIFT和费米卫星，以及HAWC和VERITAS地面观测站)，以及显示为引力波的时空结构中的振荡(先进的LIGO和室女座引力波探测器)。有了这一续期奖，PI将构建一个生产网络，专注于发现第一个联合发射高能中微子、伽马射线和/或引力波的天体物理源。PIS还将继续运行“AstroTxt”，这是一个让宾夕法尼亚州中部的初中生参与AMON数据和操作的项目。AMON由一个多信使数据库和工具组成，用于数据交换和参与设施之间的互操作性分析。AMON将能够对单个观测站低于探测阈值的数据进行实时分析，但在与其他观测站的数据的联合符合分析中可能达到很高的重要性。AMON网络基础设施使时间紧迫的分析成为可能，每个候选天体物理信号都被打包成AMON警报，并分发给后续设施网络，以便进行对口搜索和定性。此外，阿蒙办事处还部署了软件和数据库接口，使合作伙伴能够对阿蒙办事处的档案进行联合分析，包括搜索持久的多信息来源。

Astrophysical phenomena, and particularly the most energetic, may emit a range of particles from photons to neutrinos and cosmic rays. They may also produce gravitational radiation. These "messengers" carry details of the energetics and physical conditions in these sources. The Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network (AMON) aims to discover and study new astrophysics phenomena by merging the world's leading multimessenger observatories into a single data system. AMON will link facilities that observe high-energy neutrinos (the IceCube and ANTARES Neutrino Observatories), the sub-atomic particles observed as cosmic rays (the Pierre Auger Cosmic Ray Observatory), gamma-ray photons (the Swift and Fermi satellites, and the HAWC and VERITAS ground-based observatories), and oscillations in the fabric of space-time manifested as gravitational waves (the Advanced LIGO and VIRGO gravitational-wave detectors). With this renewal award, the PIs will construct a production network focused on discovering the first astrophysical sources jointly emitting high-energy neutrinos, gamma rays and/or gravitational waves. The PIs will also continue to run "AstroTxt," a project that engages central Pennsylvania middle and high school students with AMON data and operations.AMON consists of a multimessenger database and tools for data exchange and analysis for interoperability between participating facilities. AMON will enable real-time analysis of data that are below a detection threshold in an individual observatory but may achieve a high level of significance in joint-coincidence analyses with data from other observatories. The AMON cyberinfrastructure enables time-critical analyses, with each candidate astrophysical signal packaged as an AMON Alert and distributed to a network of follow-up facilities for counterpart search and characterization. Furthermore, AMON has deployed software and database interfaces to enable partner collaborations to carry out joint analyses on the AMON archive, including searches for persistent multimessenger sources.