What Do Physicists From Majority Groups Know and Believe about Race and Gender?

该项目将通过对大多数人口的信仰、知识和对白色妇女和有色人种边缘化的态度的深入了解，来解决增加物理学多样性的重大需求。美国的大多数物理学家都是白色男性，这是许多因素造成的结果，包括不公平地阻碍白色女性和有色人种成功的不必要的障碍。增加物理学的多样性既提高了物理学研究的质量，也是一个公正的问题。这个项目的重要性在于它与以前的工作（通常集中在代表性不足的少数群体）的区别，它集中在白色男性身上，他们构成了物理学家的大多数。通过对120名白色男性物理学生和教授的访谈，本项目将描述多数群体对物理学中基于种族和性别的边缘化的理解。这些信息将是重要的设计方案，有效地涉及少数和多数人口在努力多样化的物理。该项目的三个目标是：（1）记录和了解大多数人对物理学中基于种族和性别的不平等的知识、信念和经验;（2）发展有关逻辑的理论，这些逻辑是大多数人对物理学中种族、性别和边缘化的理解的基础;以及（3）使用这些理论来确定变革的途径。为了实现这些目标，五所研究型大学的120名自认为是白色男性物理学学生和教师将接受关于物理学中种族和性别的采访。访谈数据将使用一个框架进行分析，该框架沿着沿着四个维度描述边缘化：意识形态，制度，人际关系和内化。通过填补多数群体对种族和性别的看法方面的差距，该项目将促进对少数群体在物理学方面取得成功所面临的障碍的理解。

This project will address the significant need to increase diversity in physics by developing a robust understanding of the majority population's beliefs, knowledge, and attitudes toward the marginalization of white women and people of color. Most physicists in the United States are white men, which is a result of many factors, including unnecessary barriers that unfairly impede the success of white women and people of color. Increasing diversity in physics both improves the quality of physics research and is a matter of justice. This project is significant in its departure from previous work (which has generally focused on those from underrepresented minority groups) by focusing on white men, who constitute an overrepresented majority of physicists. Through interviews with 120 white male physics students and professors, this project will describe the majority group's understanding of race- and gender-based marginalization in physics. This information will be important for designing programs that productively involve both minority and majority populations in efforts to diversify physics. The three goals of the project are to (1) document and understand the majority population's knowledge of, beliefs about, and experience with race- and gender-based inequities in physics; (2) develop theories about the logic that underlies the majority population's understanding of race, gender, and marginalization in physics; and (3) use these theories to identify avenues for change. To achieve these goals, 120 self-identified white male physics students and faculty at five research universities will be interviewed about race and gender in physics. Interview data will be analyzed using a framework that describes marginalization along four dimensions: ideological, institutional, interpersonal, and internalized. By filling the gap in knowledge about the majority group's views about race and gender, this project will advance the understanding of barriers to success faced by people from minority groups in physics.