The Atmospheric Side of the Freshwater Budget

淡水预算的大气方面

• 批准号: 229210812
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Stefan Bühler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/229210812?language=en
• 关键词: Atmospheric; Side; Freshwater; Budget

Objective: The main scientific objective of the project is to improve the understanding of the mean state and interannual variability of Atlantic precipitation areas from extratropical storm tracks to tropical rain belts. Besides this, the project has the objective to provide global data on the atmospheric side of the freshwater budget to the oceanographic groups, namely evaporation, precipitation, and atmospheric moisture convergence / divergence data. Over the open ocean, evaporation minus precipitation is the key boundary condition for ocean salinity modeling. The project will also act as general link between Research Group 1740 and the atmospheric research community. Background: Atmospheric processes related to moisture have recently been pointed out as "grand challenges" for climate research. The challenge is that they couple the large-scale atmospheric circulation to small-scale processes such as convection and precipitation. Patterns of precipitation are strongly influenced by the large-scale atmospheric circulation, but the large-scale circulation is also influenced by precipitation, and how it self-organizes in convective areas. A question that has been particularly highlighted recently is which factors control the position, strength, and variability of tropical rain belts and extratropical storm tracks, respectively. Approach: The key tasks of the project are: 1. Analyze the mean state and interannual variability of precipitation areas over the Atlantic. This includes an analysis of the correlation with dynamical phenomena on multi-annual timescales, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The analysis will use new data sources that have hitherto not been available, namely HOAPS4 as a global ocean satellite data set, OceanRAIN as an insitu validation data set, and the latest available GECCO2 data (from TP3.1) for the ocean state. It will also be reassessed, to what extent climate models correctly cover the mean state and variability, given the new observational data. 2. Analyze sinks, sources, and spatiotemporal variability patterns inherent to evaporation and precipitation, utilizing the calculated water vapor transports. The budget closure and consistency between precipitation/evaporation patterns and water vapor transports will be assessed. This includes an error budget assessment of moisture flux estimates, considering HOAPS uncertainty estimates and the results of the GECCO2 ocean reanalysis. 3. Contribute updated evaporation and precipitation data to the other research group members. For HOAPS this is an in kind contribution from the EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring, hosted by the German Meteorological Service DWD, not funded through this application. For OceanRAIN it is an in kind contribution from CliSAP / University of Hamburg, also not funded through this application.

目标：该项目的主要科学目标是提高对从温带风暴路径到热带雨带的大西洋降水区域的平均状态和年际变化的了解。除此之外，该项目的目标是向海洋学团体提供淡水预算大气方面的全球数据，即蒸发、降水和大气水分辐合/发散数据。在公海上，蒸发量减去降水量是海洋盐度建模的关键边界条件。该项目还将充当 1740 研究小组和大气研究界之间的一般联系。背景：与水分相关的大气过程最近被指出是气候研究的“巨大挑战”。挑战在于它们将大规模大气环流与对流和降水等小规模过程耦合起来。降水模式受到大尺度大气环流的强烈影响，但大尺度环流也受到降水及其在对流区域如何自组织的影响。最近特别突出的一个问题是哪些因素分别控制着热带雨带和温带风暴路径的位置、强度和变化。方法：该项目的主要任务是： 1. 分析大西洋降水区的平均状态和年际变化。这包括分析与多年时间尺度上的动力现象的相关性，例如北大西洋涛动（NAO）和厄尔尼诺南方涛动（ENSO）。该分析将使用迄今为止尚未提供的新数据源，即 HOAPS4 作为全球海洋卫星数据集、OceanRAIN 作为原位验证数据集以及最新可用的 GECCO2 海洋状态数据（来自 TP3.1）。根据新的观测数据，还将重新评估气候模型在多大程度上正确覆盖了平均状态和变异性。 2. 利用计算出的水蒸气传输，分析蒸发和降水固有的汇、源和时空变化模式。将评估预算结束以及降水/蒸发模式和水汽输送之间的一致性。这包括水分通量估计的误差预算评估，考虑 HOAPS 不确定性估计和 GECCO2 海洋再分析的结果。 3. 向其他研究组成员提供最新的蒸发和降水数据。对于 HOAPS 来说，这是由德国气象局 DWD 主办的 EUMETSAT 气候监测卫星应用设施提供的实物捐助，并非通过本申请资助。对于 OceanRAIN 来说，这是 CliSAP / 汉堡大学的实物捐助，也不是通过此申请资助的。