Collaborative Research: New Measurements to Understand Coastal Ozone Production During the 2017 Lake Michigan Ozone Study

该项目包括一个由多机构科学家组成的团队，他们正在进行先进的原位大气测量，以调查与臭氧形成和可能损害人类健康的高浓度大气臭氧的发生有关的问题。 密歇根湖臭氧研究包括美国宇航局和美国环保局支持的遥感活动。 该项目将为大气化学领域的研究生和本科生研究人员提供培训，并通过大学、州和联邦利益相关者之间的合作，建设大气科学的区域能力。该提案的具体目标是：（1）在臭氧水平经常出现的代表性沿海地点确定与臭氧相关的关键化学物质（挥发性有机化合物（VOC）、氮氧化物（NOy）和VOC氧化产物）的浓度和形态； (2) 量化并解释上述物种在决定驱动沿海臭氧的生产效率和氮氧化物敏感性方面的作用； (3) 确定富含生物源和缺乏生物源的区域气团、城市羽流、局部排放和运输对区域大气化学的颗粒物和臭氧影响； (4) 诊断当前和未来大气中沿海气象和化学关键方面的缺陷并提高模型技能。 研究结果将提高预测可能危害人类健康和环境的高臭氧事件的能力。受该奖项支持的科学家将在 2017 年夏季在距密歇根湖海岸线约 1000 m 的伊利诺伊州莱克县锡安现场部署质子转移反应四极杆接口飞行时间质谱仪、碘化学电离飞行时间质谱仪，并对气溶胶化学和物理特性进行离线测量在伊利诺伊州海滩州立公园。 收集的数据将提供解决与沿海臭氧化学及其在当前化学品运输模型中的代表性相关的重要问题所需的额外信息。

This project includes a multi-institutional team of scientists who are making advanced in-situ atmospheric measurements to investigate questions relevant to ozone formation and the occurrence of high concentrations of atmospheric ozone that can be damaging to human health. The Lake Michigan Ozone Study includes remote sensing activities being supported by NASA and the US EPA. The project will provide training for graduate and undergraduate researchers in atmospheric chemistry and build regional capacity in atmospheric science through a collaboration between university, state, and federal stakeholders.The specific objectives of the proposal are to: (1) establish concentrations and speciation of key ozone-related chemicals (volatile organic compounds (VOC), nitrogen oxides (NOy), and VOC oxidation products) at a representative coastal site where high ozone levels commonly occur; (2) quantify and explain the role of the above species in dictating the production efficiency and NOx sensitivity driving coastal ozone; (3) determine the particulate and ozone influences of biogenic-rich and biogenic-poor regional air masses, urban plumes, localized emissions, and shipping for regional atmospheric chemistry; and (4) diagnose shortcomings and advance model skill for simulating critical aspects of coastal meteorology and chemistry in the current and future atmosphere. The results will improve the ability to predict high ozone episodes that may be harmful to human health and the environment.The scientists supported by this award will deploy a Proton Transfer Reaction Quadrupole Interface Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer, an Iodine Chemical Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer, and off-line measurements of aerosol chemical and physical properties during the summer of 2017 at the Zion site in Lake County, Illinois located approximately 1000 m from the Lake Michigan coastline in the Illinois Beach State Park. The data collected will provide the additional information needed to address the important questions related to coastal ozone chemistry and its representation in current chemical transport models.