Public Participation in Scientific Research: Arctic Harvest

公众参与科学研究：北极收获

• 批准号: 1713156
• 负责人: Katie Spellman
• 金额: $ 87.86万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1713156&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Public; Participation; Scientific; Research; Arctic

Northern ecosystems are rapidly changing; so too are the learning and information needs of Arctic and sub-Arctic communities who depend on these ecosystems for wild harvested foods. Public Participation in Scientific Research (PPSR) presents a possible method to increase flow of scientific and local knowledge, enhance STEM-based problem solving skills, and co-create new knowledge about phenology at local and regional or larger scales. However, there remain some key challenges that the field of PPSR research must address to achieve this goal. The proposed research will make substantial contributions to two of these issues by: 1) advancing theory on the interactions between PPSR and resilience in social-ecological systems, and 2) advancing our understanding of strategies to increase the engagement of youth and adults historically underrepresented in STEM, including Alaska Native and indigenous youth and their families who play an essential role in the sustainability of environmental monitoring in the high latitudes and rural locations throughout the globe. In particular, our project results will assist practitioners in choosing and investing in design elements of PPSR projects to better navigate the trade-offs between large-scale scientific outcomes and local cultural relevance. The data collected across the citizen science network will also advance scientific knowledge on the effects of phenological changes on berry availability to people and other animals. The Arctic Harvest research goals are to 1) critically examine the relationship between PPSR learning outcomes in informal science environments and attributes of social-ecological resilience and 2) assess the impact of two program design elements (level of support and interaction with mentors and scientists, and an innovative story-based delivery method) on the engagement of underserved audiences. In partnership with afterschool clubs in urban and rural Alaska, we will assess the impact of participation in Winterberry, a new PPSR project that investigates the effect of changes in the timing of the seasons on subsistence berry resources. We propose to investigate individual and community-level learning outcomes expected to influence the ability for communities to adapt to climate change impacts, including attributes of engagement, higher-order thinking skills, and their influence on the level of civic action and interest in berry resource stewardship by the youth groups. Using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, we compare these outcomes with the same citizen science program delivered through two alternate methods: 1) a highly supported delivery method with increased in-person interaction with program mentors and scientists, and 2) an innovative method that weaves in storytelling based on elder experiences, youth observations, and citizen science data at all stages of the program learning cycle. This project is funded by the Advancing Informal STEM Learning (AISL) program, which seeks to advance new approaches to, and evidence-based understanding of, the design and development of STEM learning in informal environments. This includes providing multiple pathways for broadening access to and engagement in STEM learning experiences, advancing innovative research on and assessment of STEM learning in informal environments, and developing understandings of deeper learning by participants. The project also has support from the Office of Polar Programs.

北部生态系统正在迅速变化。北极和亚北极社区的学习和信息需求也是如此，这些社区依靠这些生态系统用于野生收获的食物。公众参与科学研究（PPSR）提出了一种增加科学和本地知识流动，增强基于STEM的问题解决技能的可能方法，并共同创建有关本地和地区或更大范围内物候学的新知识。但是，仍然存在一些关键挑战，即PPSR研究领域必须解决这一目标。拟议的研究将通过以下方式对其中两个问题做出重大贡献：1）在社会生态系统中PPSR与弹性之间的相互作用发展理论，以及2）促进我们对策略的理解，以增加在STEM中历来不足的年轻人和成人的参与，包括阿拉斯加原住民和家人在整个环境中都在维持范围内的作用，包括阿拉斯加原住民和家人在范围内的重要作用。特别是，我们的项目结果将有助于从业人员选择和投资PPSR项目的设计元素，以更好地在大规模的科学成果与当地文化相关性之间进行权衡。在公民科学网络中收集的数据还将提高有关物候变化对浆果可用性对人和其他动物的影响的科学知识。北极收获的研究目标是1）批判性地检查非正式科学环境中的PPSR学习成果与社会生态弹性的属性之间的关系； 2）评估两个程序设计元素（与导师和科学家的支持水平和互动水平，以及一种创新的故事基于故事的交付方式）对透明受众的交付方式的影响。通过与阿拉斯加城市和农村地区的毕业后俱乐部合作，我们将评估参与Winterberry的影响，这是一个新的PPSR项目，该项目调查了季节时机对生存浆果资源的变化的影响。我们建议调查预期的个人和社区级别的学习成果，以影响社区适应气候变化影响的能力，包括参与属性，高阶思维能力及其对青年团体对浆果资源管理水平的影响。使用定量和定性方法，我们将这些结果与通过两种替代方法提供的相同公民科学计划进行了比较：1）一种高度支持的交付方法，与计划导师和科学家的面对面互动增加，以及2）一种创新的方法，一种创新的方法，该方法基于老年人经验，青年观察，年轻人的观察，以及所有阶段的阶段学习阶段的故事。 该项目由非正式的STEM学习（AISL）计划资助，该计划旨在推进对非正式环境中STEM学习的设计和开发的新方法和基于证据的理解。这包括提供多种途径，以扩大对STEM学习经验的访问和参与度，推进对非正式环境中STEM学习的创新研究，并发展参与者对更深入学习的理解。该项目还得到了极地计划办公室的支持。

项目成果

Harnessing the Power of Community Science to Address Data Gaps in Arctic Observing: Invasive Species in Alaska as Case Examples

利用社区科学的力量解决北极观测中的数据差距：以阿拉斯加的入侵物种为例

• DOI: 10.14430/arctic73773
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: ARCTIC
• 影响因子: 1.2
• 作者: Schwoerer, Tobias;Spellman, Katie V.;Davis, Tammy J.;Lee, Olivia;Martin, Aaron;Mulder, Christa P.H.;Swenson, Nicole Y.;Taylor, Audrey;Winter, Genelle
• 通讯作者: Winter, Genelle

Redistributing Power in Community and Citizen Science: Effects on Youth Science Self-Efficacy and Interest

社区和公民科学权力的重新分配：对青少年科学自我效能和兴趣的影响

• DOI: 10.3390/su15118876
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Sustainability
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Clement, Sarah;Spellman, Katie;Oxtoby, Laura;Kealy, Kelly;Bodony, Karin;Sparrow, Elena;Arp, Christopher
• 通讯作者: Arp, Christopher

BERRIES IN WINTER: A NATURAL HISTORY OF FRUIT RETENTION IN FOUR SPECIES ACROSS ALASKA

冬季浆果：阿拉斯加四个品种的果实保留自然历史

• DOI: 10.3120/0024-9637-68.4.487
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Madroño
• 作者: Mulder, Christa P.;Spellman, Katie V.;Shaw, Jasmine
• 通讯作者: Shaw, Jasmine

Winterberry: Fruit retention in fall and winter in 2016-2019 for four shrub species across Alaska

Winterberry：阿拉斯加四种灌木品种 2016-2019 年秋季和冬季的保果率

• DOI: 10.6073/pasta/6c5885f8f1423b274a3fea6c20e25c66
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Environmental Data Initiative
• 作者: Mulder, Christa;Spellman, Katie Villano;Shaw, Jasmine;Sparrow, Elena;Creek, Bonanza LTER
• 通讯作者: Creek, Bonanza LTER

Citizen science across ages, cultures, and learning environments in Alaska

阿拉斯加跨年龄、文化和学习环境的公民科学

• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Rural connections
• 作者: Spellman, K.V.;Shaw, J.D.;Villano, C.P.;Mulder, C.P.H.;Sparrow, E.B.;Cost, D.
• 通讯作者: Cost, D.