Gamma-Ray Bursts: Physics, Progenitors, and Probes

伽马射线暴：物理学、前体和探测器

• 批准号: 1714498
• 负责人: Edo Berger
• 金额: $ 43.13万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1714498&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Gamma; Ray; Bursts; Physics; Progenitors

Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB) are intimately linked with the deaths of massive stars and with the birth of black holes. They are also the most distant and luminous objects in the Universe, and some of them are expected to produce gravitational waves that can soon be detected with the NSF-funded Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory. The team will use data obtained with ground-based and space-based telescopes to learn about the explosion physics of GRBs and use GRBs as probes of the early Universe. This project will provide invaluable technical skills to undergraduate and graduate students as well as postdoctoral researchers. The research program will be integrated into an undergraduate course that employs an active learning approach, including an observing trip to the Whipple Observatory. The growing understanding of GRBs will be disseminated via public lectures at the Harvard-Smithsonian Observatory Night program.The research team will obtain and analyze a comprehensive set of multiwavelength observations of GRBs and host galaxies. The goals of this project are (1) to delineate the energy scale, explosion geometry, and true rate of short GRBs; (2) to determine the composition of GRB outflows; and (3) to probe high-redshift galaxies and cosmic reionization. This study will include new data from JVLA, ALMA, and ground-based near-infrared spectrographs, along with relevant archival data sets. The results will be used to constrain theoretical models of GRBs and to probe the intergalactic medium at high redshift. Students and postdocs will lead the acquisition and analysis of data from a variety of sources.

伽马射线暴（GRB）与大质量恒星的死亡和黑洞的诞生密切相关。 它们也是宇宙中最遥远和最明亮的物体，其中一些预计将产生引力波，这些引力波很快就可以被NSF资助的激光干涉引力波天文台探测到。 该团队将使用地面和太空望远镜获得的数据来了解GRB的爆炸物理学，并将GRB用作早期宇宙的探测器。 该项目将提供宝贵的技术技能，本科生和研究生以及博士后研究人员。 该研究计划将被整合到一个本科课程，采用积极的学习方法，包括观察之旅的维普莱天文台。 对伽马射线暴不断增长的了解将通过哈佛-史密森天文台夜间计划的公开讲座进行传播。研究小组将获得并分析一套全面的伽马射线暴和宿主星系的多波长观测结果。 该项目的目标是：（1）描绘短伽玛暴的能量尺度、爆炸几何形状和真实速率;（2）确定伽玛暴外流的组成;（3）探测高红移星系和宇宙再电离。 这项研究将包括来自JVLA、阿尔马和地基近红外光谱仪的新数据，以及沿着相关的档案数据集。 研究结果将用于约束伽玛暴的理论模型和探测高红移的星系际介质。 学生和博士后将领导从各种来源的数据采集和分析。

项目成果

The fraction of ionizing radiation from massive stars that escapes to the intergalactic medium

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty3460
• 发表时间: 2018-05
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: N. Tanvir;J. Fynbo;A. D. U. Postigo;J. Japelj;K. Wiersema;K. Wiersema;D. Malesani;D. Perley;A. Levan;J. Selsing;S. B. Cenko;S. B. Cenko;D. A. Kann;B. Milvang-Jensen;E. Berger;Z. Cano;R. Chornock;S. Covino;A. Cucchiara;V. D’Elia;V. D’Elia;A. Gargiulo;P. Goldoni;A. Gomboc;K. Heintz;K. Heintz;J. Hjorth;L. Izzo;P. Jakobsson;L. Kaper;T. Krühler;T. Laskar;M. Myers;S. Piranomonte;G. Pugliese;A. Rossi;R. Sánchez-Ramírez;S. Schulze;M. Sparre;E. Stanway;G. Tagliaferri;C. Thöne;S. Vergani;P. Vreeswijk;R. Wijers;D. Watson;Dong Xu

The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. VIII. A Comparison to Cosmological Short-duration Gamma-Ray Bursts

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/aa9018
• 发表时间: 2017-10
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
• 作者: W. Fong;E. Berger;P. Blanchard;R. Margutti;P. Cowperthwaite;R. Chornock;K. Alexander;B. Metzger;V. Villar;M. Nicholl;T. Eftekhari;P. G. Williams;J. Annis;D. Brout;D. Brown;H.-Y. Chen;Zoheyr Doctor;H. Diehl;D. Holz;A. Rest;M. Sako;M. Soares-Santos

A VLA Study of High-redshift GRBs. II. The Complex Radio Afterglow of GRB 140304A: Shell Collisions and Two Reverse Shocks

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aabfd8
• 发表时间: 2017-07
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: T. Laskar;E. Berger;R. Margutti;A. Zauderer;P. Williams;W. Fong;R. Sari;K. Alexander;A. Kamble

The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. VI. Radio Constraints on a Relativistic Jet and Predictions for Late-time Emission from the Kilonova Ejecta

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/aa905d
• 发表时间: 2017-10
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
• 作者: K. Alexander;E. Berger;W. Fong;P. G. Williams;C. Guidorzi;R. Margutti;B. Metzger;J. Annis;P. Blanchard;D. Brout;Duncan A. Brown;H. Chen;R. Chornock;P. Cowperthwaite;M. Drout;T. Eftekhari;J. Frieman;J. Frieman;D. Holz;M. Nicholl;A. Rest;A. Rest;M. Sako;M. Soares-Santos;V. Villar

A Reverse Shock in GRB 181201A

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab40ce
• 发表时间: 2019-07
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: T. Laskar;H. V. Eerten;P. Schady;C. Mundell;K. Alexander;R. Duran;E. Berger;J. Bolmer;R. Chornock;D. Coppejans;W. Fong;A. Gomboc;Nuria Jordana;S. Kobayashi;R. Margutti;K. Menten;R. Sari;R. Yamazaki;V. Lipunov;E. Gorbovskoy;V. Kornilov;N. Tyurina;D. Zimnukhov;R. Podesta;H. Levato;D. Buckley;A. Tlatov;R. Rebolo;M. Serra-Ricart