SBIR Phase I: Scalable fabrication of stable perovskite solar panels using slot-die coating technique

这个小型企业创新研究（SBIR）项目的更广泛的影响/商业潜力是用低成本和高效率的太阳能电池彻底改变美国太阳能电池市场。开发具有成本效益和效率的太阳能发电技术符合国家利益，因为太阳能发电具有广泛的潜力，可以支持美国的优先事项，如经济增长和创造就业机会，以及减缓气候变化。然而，太阳能的成本仍然很高，需要技术创新来进一步降低成本和提高效率。在五年的研究中，钙钛矿太阳能电池的效率已经飙升至22%以上，现在可以与CdTe和Si基太阳能电池板相媲美。Percent油墨是由地球上丰富的，廉价的前体制成的，可以印刷在塑料箔上，这可以显着降低其制造和安装成本。然而，在考虑将该技术商业化之前，必须建立设备稳定性以及可靠、可扩展的大面积面板制造的可行性。该项目将弥合这一关键的知识差距，并开发制造技术，不仅可以在成本和性能方面与其他太阳能电池板竞争，还可以与传统的化石燃料能源竞争。该SBIR第一阶段项目旨在开发可扩展，可靠，可重复和具有成本效益的技术，以使用经过行业验证的槽模涂覆技术制造钙钛矿光伏器件。大多数研究实验室的钙钛矿太阳能电池设备是通过旋转铸造制造的，并且具有小于1平方米的设备面积。厘米尽管这项技术取得了令人印象深刻的进展，但其商业上可行的可扩展性和可靠性尚未得到证明。在该项目中，将使用狭缝模头涂布，这是一种经过验证的技术，可扩展为大面积加工，并在广泛的应用中实现高产量制造。我们将使用狭缝模头涂覆方法和空气稳定的p-i-n器件架构来制造钙钛矿太阳能电池板，其目标功率转换效率为20%，工作寿命超过10，000小时，功率重量比为1 kW/kg，目标制造成本低于0.3美元/W，与行业领先的光伏技术相比，其成本降低了40%以上。

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) project is to revolutionize the US solar cell market with low-cost and high-efficiency solar cells. The development of cost-effective and efficient solar power technologies is of national interest because solar power has broad potential to support US priorities such as economic growth and job creation, as well as mitigation of climate change. However, the cost of solar energy is still high, and technological innovations are needed to further lower costs and increase efficiency. The efficiency of perovskite solar cells has surged to over 22% in five years of research and now rivals that of CdTe and Si-based solar panels. Perovskite inks are made from Earth-abundant, inexpensive precursors and can be printed on plastic foils, which can significantly reduce their manufacturing and installation costs. However, before commercialization of this technology can be considered, device stability and the feasibility of reliable, scalable manufacturing of large-area panels have to be established. This project will bridge this critical knowledge gap and develop manufacturing technology that can compete in terms of cost and performance not only with other solar panels but also with conventional fossil fuel-based energy sources. This SBIR Phase I project proposes to develop scalable, reliable, reproducible, and cost-effective technology to manufacture perovskite photovoltaic devices using an industry-proven slot die coating technique. Most research lab perovskite solar cell devices are fabricated via spin casting, and have a device area of less 1 sq. cm. Despite the impressive progress of this technology, its commercially viable scalability and reliability have not yet been demonstrated. In this project, slot-die coating will be used, which is a proven technology to be scalable for large area processing and robust for high-yield manufacturing in a wide range of applications. We will use the slot die coating method and air stable p-i-n devices architecture to manufacture perovskite solar panel with a target power conversion efficiency of 20%, operational lifetime of more than 10,000 hours, power-to-weight ratio of 1 kW/kg, and target manufacturing cost of less than $0.3/W, which is more than a 40% reduction in costs when compared to industry leading photovoltaic technologies.