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Doctoral Dissertation Research: Using language documentation and experimental methods to investigate differential case marking in Sumi, a Tibeto-Burman language

博士论文研究：利用语言文献和实验方法研究藏缅语苏米语的差异格标记

基本信息

批准号：
1723519
负责人：
Scott DeLancey
金额：
$ 1.89万
依托单位：
University of Oregon Eugene
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-07-15 至 2019-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1723519&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Doctoral Dissertation Research Using language

项目摘要

Linguistics studies how the structure of human language helps people to communicate. When describing events, speakers may wish to simply convey "who did what to whom." A second goal in describing events is in how speakers may want to direct a listener's attention to information that is new or unexpected. In well-known languages, these two goals are associated with different sets of linguistic device, such as sentence structures ('syntax'), components of words ('morphology'), and aspects of the pronunciation of phrases and sentences ('prosody'). For example, English uses subject and object case forms of pronouns for the first goal, and prosody, or intonation, for the second. However, many other languages do not consistently mark subjects and/or objects. Furthermore, they often use a marker that identifies the doer of an action to also highlight a particular participant that is unexpected. This project will answer questions about how speakers of such languages communicate who is responsible for an action, and how they resolve potential ambiguity in meaning through other means such as intonation. This project will provide new insights into how humans use language for communication, and has broader implications for models of communication that better integrate different components of linguistic structure, such as syntax and morphology with prosody. The documentation will form the core material analyzed in a doctoral dissertation produced by the CoPI. Broader impacts include a publicly available deposit of the recordings, transcriptions, and rich metadata at the Pacific and Regional Archive for Digital Sources in Endangered Cultures (PARADISEC), based in Australia, and the uses of this material by members of the community, including local organizations dedicated to language development and cultural preservation.In this project, the CoPI, a doctoral student at the University of Oregon will be documenting and analyzing Sumi, a language of Northeast India from the Tibeto-Burman language family. Sumi has an interesting system known as differential argument marking where the subject of a transitive or intransitive sentence is not consistently marked for case, but depends also on other semantic factors, such as the animacy and definiteness of the subject, the tense of the sentence and whether the sentence is affirmative or negative. The study will use a combination of new quantitative corpus methods with traditional linguistic fieldwork methods, including the recording and analysis of naturalistic texts, to identify which of these factors are relevant. In addition, although linguistic research has tended to separate the study of morphology and syntax from that of intonation, experimental methods used in prosodic research will be used to demonstrate how prosodic analysis can be integrated into the study of morphosyntax, and what can be gained from a combination of both. The recorded video and audio data will also contribute to a larger grammatical description of the language, which is necessary for future language development. The project is also supported by members of the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati in Assam, as part of an ongoing and growing collaboration between the Linguistics Department at the University of Oregon and linguists and institutions in Northeast India.

语言学研究人类语言的结构如何帮助人们进行交流。在描述事件时，说话者可能希望简单地表达“谁对谁做了什么”。描述事件的第二个目标是讲话者如何将听者的注意力引向新的或意想不到的信息。在众所周知的语言中，这两个目标与不同的语言手段有关，比如句子结构（“句法”）、单词组成（“词法”）以及短语和句子的发音（“韵律”）。例如，英语使用代词的主格和宾格形式作为第一个目标，使用韵律或语调作为第二个目标。然而，许多其他语言并不一致地标记主语和/或宾语。此外，他们经常使用一个标记来标识一个动作的执行者，同时突出显示一个意想不到的特定参与者。这个项目将回答这些语言的使用者如何沟通谁对一个动作负责，以及他们如何通过语调等其他手段解决潜在的意义歧义。该项目将为人类如何使用语言进行交流提供新的见解，并对更好地整合语言结构的不同组成部分（如语法和形态学与韵律）的交流模型具有更广泛的影响。该文件将形成的核心材料，在由CoPI产生的博士论文分析。更广泛的影响包括在澳大利亚的太平洋和地区濒危文化数字资源档案（PARADISEC）中公开存放录音、转录和丰富的元数据，以及社区成员（包括致力于语言发展和文化保护的地方组织）使用这些材料。在这个项目中，俄勒冈大学的博士生将记录和分析苏米语，这是一种来自印度东北部的藏缅语系的语言。Sumi有一个有趣的系统，被称为微分论证标记，在这个系统中，及物或不及物句子的主语并不总是按照格来标记，而是取决于其他语义因素，比如主语的活泼性和确定性、句子的时态以及句子是肯定的还是否定的。这项研究将使用新的定量语料库方法与传统的语言学田野调查方法相结合，包括记录和分析自然文本，以确定这些因素中哪些是相关的。此外，尽管语言学研究倾向于将形态学和句法的研究与语调的研究分开，但韵律研究中使用的实验方法将用于演示如何将韵律分析整合到形态句法的研究中，以及两者结合可以获得什么。录制的视频和音频数据也将有助于对语言的更大的语法描述，这对未来的语言发展是必要的。该项目还得到了阿萨姆邦古瓦哈提印度理工学院成员的支持，这是俄勒冈大学语言学系与印度东北部语言学家和机构之间持续不断的合作的一部分。