MRI: Acquisition of Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry (Tomo PIV) System for Multi-Disciplinary Research

层析粒子图像测速仪(Tomo PIV)是一种流动显示的光学方法，它测量三维(3D)、三分量(3C)的瞬时流动速度。这一重大研究仪器项目支持宾夕法尼亚州立大学几个校区和附近其他机构正在进行的流体动力学研究和教育。该项目将使宾夕法尼亚州立大学校园内的15名研究人员以及其他机构的流体力学研究人员进行新的跨学科合作。该仪器提供了前所未有的获取湍流物理细节的途径，使基础研究能够对工程、生物、数学、物理和医学界产生重大影响。该仪器将纳入本科课程，本科生和研究生研究人员将了解使用高科技Tomo PIV系统进行实验设计、设置、数据获取和分析的知识。研究人员将为K-12教育和外展活动提供工具，从而提高公众对科学和工程的认识，并激励学生攻读STEM专业的高级学位或职业。研究人员还将邀请来自代表性不足群体的学生参与他们的研究。这种Tomo PIV系统可以在各种应用领域进行基础研究。其中一项研究将考察在振荡几何形状上的过渡和湍流边界层中相干结构的高度3D性质，并直接应用于扑打飞行。3D Tomo PIV系统将使研究人员能够测量复杂的速度场，以便他们能够完整地描述扑翼上涡旋结构的3D行为。另一个项目将进行基础研究，以使心血管设备的开发能够降低血细胞损伤和血栓形成的风险。Tomo PIV将使研究人员能够更好地了解3D心血管结构、湍流对细胞成分的影响以及表面凝块的形成。通过捕捉瞬时复杂的流动结构，该仪器将使研究人员能够开发增强的计算模型，通过改进对三维速度场和剪应力的理解来验证心血管设备的设计。

An optical method of flow visualization, Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry (Tomo PIV), measures instantaneous three-dimensional (3D), three-component (3C) flow velocity. This Major Research Instrumentation project supports ongoing research and education in fluid dynamics at several Penn State campuses and other nearby institutions. The project will enable new cross disciplinary collaborations among 15 researchers across the Penn State campuses and with fluid dynamics researchers at other institutions. The instrumentation provides unprecedented access to the details of the physics of turbulent flows, enabling fundamental research with a significant impact on the engineering, biology, mathematics, physics, and medical communities. The instrumentation will be incorporated into undergraduate courses and undergraduate and graduate student researchers will gain an understanding of experimental design, setup, data acquisition, and analysis using the high-tech Tomo PIV system. The researchers will provide tools for K-12 education and outreach activities, thereby increasing the public awareness in science and engineering and inspiring students to pursue advanced degrees or careers in STEM majors. The investigators will also engage students from underrepresented groups in their research.This Tomo PIV system enables fundamental research in a variety of application areas. One study will examine the highly 3D nature of coherent structures in transitioning and turbulent boundary layers over oscillating geometries, with direct applications to flapping flight. The 3D Tomo PIV system will enable researchers to measure the complex velocity fields so that they can completely characterize the 3D behavior of vortex structures on flapping wings. Another project will conduct fundamental research to enable the development of cardiovascular devices with reduced risk of blood cell damage and clot formation. The Tomo PIV will enable researchers to better understand 3D cardiovascular structures and the influence of turbulence on cellular components and the formation of clots on surfaces. By capturing instantaneous complex flow structures, the instrumentation will enable the researchers to develop enhanced computational models to validate cardiovascular device design through improved understanding of the 3D velocity fields and shear stresses.