Doctoral Dissertation Research: The People and Process of Federal Criminal Cases

博士论文研究：联邦刑事案件的人物和程序

• 批准号: 1729077
• 负责人: Christina Boyd
• 金额: $ 1.76万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1729077&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; People; Process

A substantial proportion of Americans come into contact with a criminal trial court at some point in their lives. The process of adjudicating criminal cases asserts significant personal, financial, and social costs. This study will investigate the dynamic multi-stage process of the criminal case and what role courtroom professionals have in its development. Specifically, this study examines what influence judges, defense attorneys, and prosecutors have on the outcomes faced by the accused. In so doing, it hopes to offer findings that may improve the administration of justice in America.This project will collect original data on the processing of federal criminal cases. It uses a stratified random sample of 9,200 cases of sentenced defendants from 23 federal district courts for 2006 to 2013. Specific areas of inquiry in the subsequent statistical analysis include whether a defendant is released or held in a detention facility pending trial, the amount of time it takes for each case to be adjudicated, and the severity of sentence imposed upon the convicted defendant. The study will consider how the backgrounds and preferences of judges, defense attorneys, and prosecutors impact these essential stages. The results will give key insights into trial court decision-making, which remains underexplored by much of the current research.

相当一部分美国人在他们一生中的某个时候接触过刑事审判法庭。刑事案件的判决过程需要付出巨大的个人、经济和社会代价。本研究将探讨刑事案件的动态多阶段过程，以及法庭专业人员在其发展中所扮演的角色。具体而言，本研究探讨了法官，辩护律师和检察官对被告所面临的结果有什么影响。通过这样做，它希望提供可能改善美国司法行政的调查结果。该项目将收集有关联邦刑事案件处理的原始数据。它使用了2006年至2013年来自23个联邦地区法院的9,200起被判刑被告案件的分层随机样本。在随后的统计分析中，调查的具体领域包括被告是否被释放或被关押在拘留所等待审判，每个案件的判决时间以及对被定罪被告的判刑轻重。这项研究将考虑法官，辩护律师和检察官的背景和偏好如何影响这些基本阶段。这些结果将为审判法庭的决策提供关键的见解，目前的大部分研究仍然没有充分探索。