SpecEES: Intelligent Energy Efficient Spectrum Access for Wireless IoT

未来的物联网（IoT）将支持多种类型的应用程序，这些应用程序产生具有高度不同的服务质量（QoS）要求的压倒性数据流量，在频谱稀缺和数十亿设备的令人望而却步的能耗方面带来挑战。认知无线电（CR）是一种很有前途的物联网技术，不仅因为它具有动态频谱接入能力，而且还因为它有潜力通过使用不同的频段提供不同类型的流量来提供不同的QoS和能源效率。尽管多频段的动态频谱接入可以为物联网带来各种好处，但它也带来了重大挑战。该研究通过利用低频段的数量级能量效率、新型异构电池管理和旨在利用这两项新进展的频谱接入方法，为整体网络能效提供了变革性的进步。这项研究是真正的跨学科，涵盖集成电路/硬件设计，设备电池管理，协同节能网络和频谱接入的进展。这项研究将产生创新技术，以服务于物联网技术的众多应用，例如智能城市和智能家居、移动医疗和智能交通系统。它还将极大地促进对物联网设备和网络能效的理解。本提案的研究目标是设计、分析和评估面向无线物联网的变革性智能节能频谱接入技术。这项研究首次系统地解决了无线物联网频谱接入中的能效问题，通过对物联网设备的智能电池系统管理和对电小型天线的创新宽带增强来解锁低频段的数量级能效，并设计了新的智能节能信道集合算法来利用这些优势进行物联网频谱接入。提出的项目包括三个主要研究重点：(1)具有自适应功率管理的增强频谱接入的节能信道交会；(2)认知电池系统，通过优化整合各物联网设备中的异构电池，并动态匹配功耗和电池特性，实现各物联网设备的能效最大化；(3)数字非福斯特方法，以解锁低频段的能源效率。该项目还将研究成果整合到相关的本科和研究生课程中，并提供多样性支持。

The future Internet of Things (IoT) will support numerous types of applications producing overwhelming data traffic with highly different Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirements, creating challenges in terms of spectrum scarcity, and prohibitive energy consumption of billions of devices. Cognitive radio (CR) is a promising technology for IoT not only because of its dynamic spectrum access capability, but also due to its potential of providing diverse QoS and energy efficiencies by delivering different types of traffic using different bands. Although dynamic spectrum access to multiple bands can bring various benefits to the IoT, it also introduces significant challenges. This research offers transformative advances in overall network energy efficiencies, by leveraging order-of-magnitude energy efficiencies of low-frequency bands, novel heterogeneous battery management, and spectrum access methods designed to take advantage of these two new advances. This research is truly interdisciplinary covering integrating advances in circuits/hardware design, device battery management, and synergistic energy-efficient networking and spectrum access. This research will generate innovative techniques to serve numerous applications of IoT technologies, e.g., smart cities and smart homes, mobile health, and intelligent transportation systems. It will also greatly advance the understanding of energy efficiency of IoT devices and networks. The research objective of this proposal is to design, analyze, and evaluate transformative intelligent energy-efficient spectrum access technologies for wireless IoT. This research is the first to systematically address the energy efficiency issue in wireless IoT spectrum access through intelligent battery system management of IoT devices and innovative wideband enhancement for electrically-small antennas to unlock order-of-magnitude energy efficiencies of low- frequency bands, and where new intelligent energy-efficient channel rendezvous algorithms are designed to leverage these advantages for IoT spectrum access. The proposed project consists of three main research thrusts: (1) energy-efficient channel rendezvous for enhanced spectrum access with adaptive power management; (2) cognitive battery system to maximize the energy efficiency of each IoT device by optimally integrating heterogeneous batteries in each device and dynamically matching the power consumption and battery characteristics; and (3) digital non-Foster methods to unlock energy efficiencies of low-frequency bands. This project also integrates research findings into related undergraduate and graduate courses and diversity support.