Scholars Award: What Ought the Public Understand about Science?

学者奖：公众应该了解科学什么？

• 批准号: 1734616
• 负责人: Matthew Slater
• 金额: $ 21.01万
• 依托单位: Bucknell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2020-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1734616&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Scholars; Award; What; Ought; Public

This award supports research to address deeply relevant questions about how to structure goals for scientific literacy. There are yawning gaps between the scientific consensus on a variety of issues (such as human-caused global warming and the safety of common childhood vaccines) on the one hand, and what the American public believes about such issues on the other. The PI will synthesize recent work in philosophy of science and social epistemology in the context of much social scientific research on science education and communication in order to formulate a framework for thinking about scientific literacy. He will propose a framework in which scientific literacy is construed as a certain kind of understanding of science as a collective enterprise, which has the advantage of emphasizing the role that scientific literacy can play in enabling members of the public to recognize the significance of consensus in science. The results of this project will disseminated so as to capture the interest of science communicators (including scientists, educators and journalists), and to guide discussions about science-based policy and science education, especially in the context of democratic deliberation.One of the main contributions of the project will be to connect recent work in the philosophy of science on understanding with recent work in social epistemology concerning testimony. Since social epistemology has primarily concerned the transfer of knowledge, little has been done to consider understanding in a social context or apply these accounts to the concept of scientific literacy. At the same time, much of the social scientific work on scientific literacy has been at a remove from relevant philosophical discussions of understanding and its distinctive epistemological role. In making intellectually significant progress on these theoretical issues, this project is poised to promote synergistic interactions between pertinent research projects in several other fields of research including science communication, science education, and science policy.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持研究解决有关如何构建科学素养目标的深刻相关问题。一方面，科学界对各种问题（如人为造成的全球变暖和普通儿童疫苗的安全性）的共识与美国公众对这些问题的看法之间存在巨大差距。PI将在科学教育和传播方面的许多社会科学研究的背景下，综合最近在科学哲学和社会认识论方面的工作，以制定一个思考科学素养的框架。他将提出一个框架，在这个框架中，科学素养被解释为对科学作为一项集体事业的某种理解，这具有强调科学素养在使公众认识到科学共识的重要性方面可以发挥的作用的优势。该项目的成果将得到传播，以引起科学传播者（包括科学家、教育工作者和记者）的兴趣，并指导关于以科学为基础的政策和科学教育的讨论，特别是在民主审议的背景下，该项目的主要贡献之一将是将科学哲学中关于理解的最新工作与社会认识论中关于证词的最新工作联系起来。由于社会认识论主要关注知识的转移，很少有人考虑在社会背景下的理解或将这些帐户应用于科学素养的概念。与此同时，许多关于科学素养的社会科学工作一直远离关于理解及其独特的认识论作用的相关哲学讨论。在这些理论问题上取得了重大的智力进步，该项目准备促进其他几个研究领域（包括科学传播、科学教育和科学政策）的相关研究项目之间的协同互动。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Trust of Science as a Public Collective Good

对科学作为公共集体物品的信任

• DOI: 10.1017/psa.2022.71
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Philosophy of Science
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Slater, Matthew H.;Scholfield, Emily R.
• 通讯作者: Scholfield, Emily R.

The Development and Validation of the Social Enterprise of Science Index (SESI): An Instrument to Measure Grasp of the Social-Institutional Aspects of Science

科学社会企业指数（SESI）的开发和验证：衡量科学社会制度方面掌握程度的工具

• DOI: 10.1177/21582440211016411
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: SAGE Open
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Huxster, Joanna K.;Slater, Matthew H.;Landrum, Asheley R.
• 通讯作者: Landrum, Asheley R.

Reporting on Science as an Ongoing Process (or Not)

科学报告是一个持续的过程（或不是）

• DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2020.535474
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Frontiers in Communication
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Slater, Matthew H.;Scholfield, Emily R.;Moore, J. Conor
• 通讯作者: Moore, J. Conor

Denialism as Applied Skepticism: Philosophical and Empirical Considerations

作为应用怀疑论的否认主义：哲学和经验考量

• DOI: 10.1007/s10670-018-0054-0
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Erkenntnis
• 影响因子: 0.9
• 作者: Slater, Matthew H.;Huxster, Joanna K.;Bresticker, Julia E.;LoPiccolo, Victor
• 通讯作者: LoPiccolo, Victor