Chemical, Physical and Biological processes linking snow and sea ice to the Arctic Ocean mixed layer: Improving models through the MOSAiC platform

将雪和海冰与北冰洋混合层联系起来的化学、物理和生物过程：通过 MOSAiC 平台改进模型

• 批准号: 1735862
• 负责人: Ana Aguilar-Islas
• 金额: $ 131.23万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1735862&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chemical; Physical; Biological; processes; linking

Sea ice is a major component of the polar oceans. It serves as an important platform for the accumulation and transport of dissolved and particulate material, retained in the sea ice cover via atmospheric deposition, fluid exchange with the underlying ocean, sediment inclusions, and biological activity. This material, including nutrients, serves key functions in the Arctic Ocean ecosystem. However, the influence of sea ice processes on nutrient cycling and the seasonal cycle of important biogeochemical processes is poorly understood, especially as related to changes in Arctic sea ice. This project will quantify and track changes in the inventory and fluxes of key biogeochemical and physical parameters above, within and below the sea ice through a full year. Data collection and numerical simulations will improve modeling of key processes and projections of future states of the Arctic Ocean and its role in the Earth system. The planed Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) project provides an opportunity to address pressing scientific questions revolving around the rapid transformations underway in Arctic marine physical and biogeochemical environments, linked to major losses in summer sea ice. This study contributes to the broader MOSAiC goals set by the research community, focusing on improved understanding and prediction of the Arctic through improved sea ice/ocean and earth system model parameterizations of key physical and biogeochemical processes. Collection of biogeochemical and physical data over an annual cycle at MOSAiC's central Arctic drifting ice camp will be informed by modeling needs, and apply community-endorsed standards and best practices for sample acquisition, processing and analysis. Field measurements and sampling will be closely coordinated with the MOSAiC team, with broad, rapid data sharing to inform field studies and modeling work. The extended observation period is essential to improve model parameterizations of snow-ice-ocean cycling of macro- and micronutrients and their impacts on Arctic ecosystems. This project will collect standardized ice data that are directly comparable with those of other participants and that are guided by and improve model simulations and projections. This field effort will greatly enhance our understanding of sea ice seasonal cycles, including physical and biogeochemical seasonal evolution. Standardized field data will be made available to a broad international community. This project will leverage previously developed sampling schemes, protocols, custom-made equipment and a biogeochemical model as a strategic US contribution to the vast investment put forth by the international community towards the MOSAiC expedition. Educational impacts include the training and support of a graduate student and a postdoctoral researcher. These individuals will participate in the expedition and gain experience in standardized sea ice collection and multidisciplinary collaboration. Science communication to larger audience will be accomplished through annual participation in "Bering Sea Days", a 5-day event on the Pribilof Island of St. Paul, a detailed blog featuring field experiences and science, and a self-published book that depicts our field experiences targeting K-6 audiences.

海冰是极地海洋的主要组成部分。它是溶解和颗粒物质积累和运输的重要平台，通过大气沉积、与底层海洋的流体交换、沉积物包裹体和生物活动保留在海冰覆盖层中。这种物质，包括营养物质，在北冰洋生态系统中发挥着关键作用。然而，人们对海冰过程对养分循环和重要的地球化学过程的季节性循环的影响知之甚少，特别是与北极海冰变化有关的影响。该项目将全年量化和跟踪海冰之上、之内和之下的关键地球化学和物理参数的存量和通量的变化。数据收集和数值模拟将改进关键过程的建模和对北冰洋未来状况及其在地球系统中的作用的预测。计划中的北极气候研究多学科漂流观测站项目提供了一个机会，可以解决围绕北极海洋物理和地球化学环境正在发生的快速变化的紧迫科学问题，这些变化与夏季海冰的重大损失有关。这项研究有助于研究界设定的更广泛的MOSAiC目标，重点是通过改进海冰/海洋和地球系统模型参数化的关键物理和地球化学过程，提高对北极的理解和预测。在MOSAiC的北极中部漂流冰营地收集的地球化学和物理数据将以年度为周期，并根据建模需求，采用社区认可的标准和最佳做法进行样本采集，处理和分析。现场测量和采样将与MOSAiC团队密切协调，广泛，快速的数据共享，为现场研究和建模工作提供信息。延长观测期对于改进雪-冰-海洋宏观和微量营养素循环及其对北极生态系统影响的模型参数化至关重要。该项目将收集标准化的冰数据，这些数据可与其他参与者的数据直接比较，并以模型模拟和预测为指导，改进模型模拟和预测。这项实地工作将大大提高我们对海冰季节性循环的理解，包括物理和地球化学季节性演变。将向广大国际社会提供标准化的实地数据。该项目将利用以前开发的采样方案、协议、定制设备和地球化学模型，作为美国对国际社会对MOSAiC考察的巨大投资的战略贡献。教育影响包括培训和支持一名研究生和一名博士后研究员。这些人将参加考察，并获得标准化海冰收集和多学科合作方面的经验。将通过每年参加“白令海日”活动，向更多的观众进行科学传播，这是在圣保罗的Pribilof岛上举行的为期5天的活动，一个详细介绍实地经验和科学的博客，以及一本描述我们针对K-6观众的实地经验的自助出版的书。

项目成果

Seasonal evolution of granular and columnar sea ice pore microstructure and pore network connectivity

粒状和柱状海冰孔隙微结构和孔隙网络连通性的季节演化

• DOI: 10.1017/jog.2022.1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Glaciology
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Oggier, Marc;Eicken, Hajo
• 通讯作者: Eicken, Hajo

Physical properties of sea ice cores from site MCS_FYI measured on legs 1 to 3 of the MOSAiC expedition

在 MOSAiC 探险的第 1 至第 3 段航段上测量的 MCS_FYI 地点海冰芯的物理特性

• DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.943817
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: PANGAEA
• 作者: Angelopoulos, Michael;Abrahamsson, Katarina;Bauch, Dorothea;Bowman, Jeff S;Castellani, Giulia;Creamean, Jessie;Damm, Ellen;Divine, Dmitry V;Dumitrascu, Adela;Eggers, Lena
• 通讯作者: Eggers, Lena

First-year sea-ice salinity, temperature, density, oxygen and hydrogen isotope composition from the main coring site (MCS-FYI) during MOSAiC legs 1 to 4 in 2019/2020

2019/2020 年 MOSAiC 第 1 至 4 阶段期间主要取芯地点 (MCS-FYI) 的第一年海冰盐度、温度、密度、氧和氢同位素组成

• DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.956732
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: PANGAEA
• 作者: Oggier, Marc;Salganik, Evgenii;Whitmore, Laura;Fong, Allison A;Hoppe, Clara Jule;Rember, Robert;Høyland, Knut Vilhelm;Divine, Dmitry V;Gradinger, Rolf;Fons, Steven W
• 通讯作者: Fons, Steven W

Seasonal forecasting of landfast ice in Foggy Island Bay, Alaska in support of ice road operations

阿拉斯加雾岛湾陆地冰的季节性预测，支持冰路运营

• DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103618
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Cold Regions Science and Technology
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Bieniek, Peter A.;Eicken, Hajo;Jin, Meibing;Mahoney, Andrew R.;Jones, Josh;Bhatt, Uma S.
• 通讯作者: Bhatt, Uma S.

Sub-kilometre scale distribution of snow depth on Arctic sea ice from Soviet drifting stations

苏联漂流站北极海冰雪深亚公里级分布

• DOI: 10.1017/jog.2022.18
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Glaciology
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Mallett R