Building a continent: Integration of surface geology, rock physics, and seismic observations to investigate the tectonic history of the contiguous United States

构建大陆:整合地表地质学、岩石物理学和地震观测来研究美国本土的构造历史

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1735890
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 28.42万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2017-09-01 至 2023-08-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The North American continent formed over billions of years via the collision of continental fragments and the rifting apart of larger continents. Geologists can read some of this history by looking at rocks exposed at the Earth's surface that were deformed in the past. The aim of this project is to extend this ability below the Earth's surface. While buried rocks cannot be seen and mapped directly, they are constantly traversed by seismic waves from earthquakes around the world. These waves are imprinted with information on the rocks they travel through before reaching the Earth's surface. We combine mapped rock deformation at the surface with seismic information from the subsurface in order to find out how to extract the imprinted information from the seismic data. The information can then be used to map how the Earth's crust was deformed. The project advances knowledge of Earth science by allowing us to read the record of past geological processes beneath the surface. Because current geological processes also deform rocks, the method can also be used to map the roots of earthquake-generating faults, which is useful for estimates of seismic hazard. The rock characteristics investigated in this process are also relevant to mapping geological resources. Additionally, accurate knowledge of the imprint of rock fabrics on the seismic signal enables us to avoid biases in other uses of the seismic data, such as for location and characterization of natural and human-made seismic sources.A stated goal of the EarthScope program is to derive constraints on the deformation history of the continent. This project aims to bridge the scales from microstructural rock fabrics measured in the laboratory, to deformation structures mapped on outcrop exposures, and to rock fabrics causing seismic anisotropy at km-scale seismic wavelengths. Project components are 1) integration of seismic anisotropy observations from multiple techniques and seismic networks, 2) contribution of existing digital structural data sets containing foliations, lineations, and mapped major ductile and brittle faults to existing EarthCube-funded and U. S. Geological Survey-held databases as well as calculation of bulk elasticity tensors from ~1:100,000 scale maps to hand samples and 3) synthesis and joint interpretation of seismic observations and structural data extracted from EarthCube-funded databases using straightforward correlations as well as an explicit scaling from elastic tensors representative of rock types to geological foliation maps to seismic wavelength-scale anisotropy.The ability to relate crustal seismic anisotropy to the strain history of the crust requires 1) a representative catalog of elastic properties of crustal rocks and how they average at scales of seismic wavelengths and 2) a compilation of major structural parameters such as orientations of dominant rock fabrics (foliation and lineation) in metamorphic and igneous rocks and their internal coherence in unique domains, as well as orientations of more discrete features such as fault zones, in order to enable quantitative comparisons to anisotropy measured seismically. The proposed work will centralize existing compilations and make them widely available online.
北美大陆是在数十亿年的时间里,通过大陆碎片的碰撞和较大大陆的断裂而形成的。地质学家可以通过观察暴露在地球表面的岩石来了解一些历史,这些岩石在过去发生了变形。该项目的目的是将这种能力扩展到地球表面以下。虽然埋藏的岩石无法直接看到和绘制地图,但它们不断被世界各地地震的地震波穿过。这些波在到达地球表面之前,在它们所穿过的岩石上留下了信息。我们将联合收割机映射的地表岩石变形与来自地下的地震信息相结合,以便找出如何从地震数据中提取印记信息。这些信息可以用来绘制地壳是如何变形的。 该项目通过让我们阅读地表下过去地质过程的记录来推进地球科学的知识。由于目前的地质过程也使岩石变形,因此该方法也可用于绘制地震发生断层的根源,这对估计地震危险性很有用。在这一过程中调查的岩石特征也与地质资源测绘有关。此外,准确了解岩石组构对地震信号的影响,使我们能够避免在地震数据的其他用途中出现偏差,例如用于天然和人为地震源的定位和表征。EarthScope计划的一个既定目标是获得对大陆变形历史的约束。该项目旨在将实验室测量的微结构岩石组构与露头暴露上绘制的变形结构以及在千米级地震波长下引起地震各向异性的岩石组构的尺度联系起来。项目的组成部分是:1)整合来自多种技术和地震网络的地震各向异性观测,2)将现有的数字结构数据集(包含叶理、线理和绘制的主要韧性和脆性断层)贡献给现有的EarthCube资助和U. S.地质调查局拥有的数据库以及从~1:100,将地壳地震各向异性与地壳应变历史联系起来的能力需要:1)一个地壳岩石弹性性质的代表性目录,以及它们在地震波长尺度上的平均值; 2)主要结构参数的汇编,如变质岩和火成岩中主要岩石组构(叶理和线理)的取向及其在独特域中的内部一致性,以及断层带等更离散特征的取向,以便能够与地震测量的各向异性进行定量比较。拟议的工作将集中现有的汇编,并在网上广泛提供。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(6)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Imaging the Tectonic Grain of the Northern Cordillera Orogen Using Transportable Array Receiver Functions
  • DOI:
    10.1785/0220200182
  • 发表时间:
    2020-11
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.3
  • 作者:
    V. Schulte‐Pelkum;J. Caine;James V. Jones;T. Becker
  • 通讯作者:
    V. Schulte‐Pelkum;J. Caine;James V. Jones;T. Becker
Tectonic Inheritance During Plate Boundary Evolution in Southern California Constrained From Seismic Anisotropy
  • DOI:
    10.1029/2021gc010099
  • 发表时间:
    2021-08
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.7
  • 作者:
    V. Schulte‐Pelkum;T. Becker;W. Behr;M. Miller
  • 通讯作者:
    V. Schulte‐Pelkum;T. Becker;W. Behr;M. Miller
Confronting Solid‐State Shear Bias: Magmatic Fabric Contribution to Crustal Seismic Anisotropy
面对固态剪切偏差:岩浆组构对地壳地震各向异性的贡献
  • DOI:
    10.1029/2022gl102399
  • 发表时间:
    2023
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    5.2
  • 作者:
    Frothingham, Michael G.;Mahan, Kevin H.;Schulte‐Pelkum, Vera;Goncalves, Philippe;Zucali, Michele
  • 通讯作者:
    Zucali, Michele
Don't judge an orogen by its cover: Kinematics of the Appalachian décollement from seismic anisotropy
不要以地貌来判断造山带:地震各向异性的阿巴拉契亚山脉运动学
  • DOI:
    10.1130/g50323.1
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    5.8
  • 作者:
    Frothingham, Michael G.;Schulte-Pelkum, Vera;Mahan, Kevin H.;Merschat, Arthur J.;Mather, Makayla;Gomez, Zulliet Cabrera
  • 通讯作者:
    Gomez, Zulliet Cabrera
Tectonic Inheritance With Dipping Faults and Deformation Fabric in the Brittle and Ductile Southern California Crust
  • DOI:
    10.1029/2020jb019525
  • 发表时间:
    2020-07
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    V. Schulte‐Pelkum;Z. Ross;K. Mueller;Y. Ben‐Zion
  • 通讯作者:
    V. Schulte‐Pelkum;Z. Ross;K. Mueller;Y. Ben‐Zion
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Vera Schulte-Pelkum其他文献

Draining Nevada
排干内华达州
  • DOI:
    10.1038/ngeo532
  • 发表时间:
    2009-06-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    16.100
  • 作者:
    Vera Schulte-Pelkum
  • 通讯作者:
    Vera Schulte-Pelkum

Vera Schulte-Pelkum的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Vera Schulte-Pelkum', 18)}}的其他基金

Volcanic transcrustal magmatic systems imaged with teleseismic converted phases
使用远震转换相位成像的火山穿地壳岩浆系统
  • 批准号:
    2051243
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 28.42万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative research: Implementation of Tensor Visualization guide (TVguide), an interactive visualization, analysis, and database tool for seismic anisotropy
合作研究:张量可视化指南(TVguide)的实施,这是一种用于地震各向异性的交互式可视化、分析和数据库工具
  • 批准号:
    1947765
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 28.42万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Structure and depth extent of lithospheric shear zones surrounding continental transform faults
合作研究:大陆转换断层周围岩石圈剪切带的结构和深度范围
  • 批准号:
    1927246
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 28.42万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative research: A joint seismic and geodetic investigation into the structure and behavior of an intracontinental subduction zone, Nepal
合作研究:对尼泊尔大陆内俯冲带的结构和行为进行联合地震和大地测量调查
  • 批准号:
    1645009
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 28.42万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
The role of hot crust in mountain building: Testing the alpha-beta quartz transition as a crustal geothermometer
热地壳在造山中的作用:作为地壳地温计测试 α-β 石英转变
  • 批准号:
    1344582
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 28.42万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Is continental collision thick- or thin-skinned? Combining local seismicity with receiver functions in the Zagros Fold-and-Thrust Belt
大陆碰撞是厚脸皮还是薄脸皮?
  • 批准号:
    1246287
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 28.42万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Crustal Deformation across the U.S. from Harmonic Analysis of Receiver Functions
通过接收函数的谐波分析得出美国各地的地壳变形
  • 批准号:
    1251193
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 28.42万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Dynamics of the Southern Rocky Mountains from Cross-term Estimates of the Seismic Green Tensor
合作研究:根据地震绿色张量的跨期估计来了解落基山脉南部的动力学
  • 批准号:
    1142008
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 28.42万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Lowrider: The Where, When, and How of Continental Crustal Underplating
Lowrider:大陆地壳底侵的地点、时间和方式
  • 批准号:
    1053291
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 28.42万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: High-resolution receiver function imaging of crustal structure in the Southern Great Basin, Nevada
合作研究:内华达州南部大盆地地壳结构的高分辨率接收函数成像
  • 批准号:
    0838509
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 28.42万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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Dark Data from the White Continent: New Light on Five Decades of Vertebrate Paleontology Collections from the Triassic Fremouw Formation of Antarctica
来自白色大陆的暗数据:对南极洲三叠纪 Fremouw 组的五个十年的脊椎动物古生物学收藏的新认识
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基于层析成像模型的数值模拟约束北美大陆中部和东部次大陆岩石圈地幔的结构和动力学
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TRANSFORMING AFRICA’S URBAN FOOD ENVIRONMENTS THROUGH STRENGTHENING LINKAGES BETWEEN FOOD SYSTEMS STAKEHOLDERS IN CITIES ACROSS EUROPE AND THE CONTINENT
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