RIDIR: Collaborative Research: cyberSW: A Data Synthesis and Knowledge Discovery System for Long-term Interdisciplinary Research on Southwest Social Change

这个项目将创建一个集成的知识发现系统--CyberSW，它将显著加强对十年到百年尺度的长期社会变化的跨学科研究。该项目将导致来自美国西南部数万个前西班牙裔聚落的数百万件物品的数据集成，使其成为世界上最大的数字考古库之一。使用考古数据的一个主要挑战是，除个别项目外，大多数相关信息不是经过数字处理或综合的。美国西南部最近的一些综合项目表明，这些数据在解决社会科学中的重大问题方面具有巨大潜力，例如：是什么促进了某些社会的成功或失败？移民如何改变社会身份并创造新的社会结构？那么，环境挑战和社会变化之间有什么关系呢？我们将在以前项目的基础上建立一个综合系统，允许不同专业水平的用户随时查看、分析和输出西南部过去社会的数据，以解决这些和许多其他与当代社会相关的问题。由于调查的保存和强度，美国西南部拥有无与伦比的人类占领和社会变化的高质量考古记录。考古数据在地理空间和时间上都有参照，包括人口规模和流动、社会多样性和不平等、技术创新和扩散以及气候等变量。通过创建CyberSW，拟议的项目将通过以下方式实现这些数据的累积研究潜力：(1)将几个现有的合成数据库合并为一个可扩展的、联网的数字储存库；(2)收集额外的数据以填补空间、时间和物质文化空白；(3)分析这些数据并创建用户友好的数据分析和可视化在线工具；以及(4)建立一个可供专业研究人员和普通公众使用的数据可视化、分析和共享的门户网站。使这些数据对研究人员和公众可用确保考古研究的发现是可访问的、可解释的和可复制的。在线分析工具将允许广泛的个人进行自己的分析，无论是对自己的历史感兴趣的部落成员，负责公共解释的土地管理员，学习数据处理和显示的学生，还是努力解决关于人类历史的长期问题的社会科学家。为注册志愿者设立的公民科学部分将允许更大的社区参与变革性科学。

AbstractThis project will create cyberSW, an integrated knowledge discovery system that will significantly enhance interdisciplinary research on long-term social change at decadal to centennial scales. The project will result in the data integration of millions of objects from tens of thousands of Prehispanic settlements across the U.S. Southwest, making it one of the largest digital archaeological repositories in the world. A major challenge in using archaeological data is that most relevant information is not digitally curated or synthesized beyond individual projects. A number of recent synthesis projects in the U.S. Southwest show the great potential of these data for addressing big questions in the social sciences such as: What promotes the success or failure of some societies? How does migration transform social identities and create new social structures? And, what are the relationships between environmental challenges and social changes? We will build on these prior projects to produce an integrated system that will allow users at different levels of expertise to readily view, analyze, and export data on past societies in the Southwest to address these and many other questions relevant to contemporary society.Due to preservation and intensity of investigations, the U.S. Southwest has an unparalleled high quality archaeological record of human occupation and social change. Archaeological data are geospatially- and temporally-referenced and include variables such as population scale and movement, social diversity and inequality, technological innovations and diffusion, and climate. Through the creation of cyberSW the proposed project will realize the cumulative research potential of these data by (1) merging several existing synthetic databases into one scalable, networked digital repository; (2) collecting additional data to fill in spatial, temporal, and material culture gaps; (3) analyzing those data and creating user-friendly online tools for data analysis and visualization; and (4) establishing a web portal for data visualization, analysis, and sharing that is available to both professional researchers and the general public. Making these data usable to researchers and to the public ensures that the findings of archaeological research are accessible, interpretable, and replicable. The online analytical tools will allow a wide range of individuals to conduct their own analyses, whether tribal members interested in their history, land managers responsible for public interpretation, students learning data manipulation and display, or social scientists grappling with the long-term questions about the human past. A Citizen Science component for registered volunteers will allow a bigger community to participate in transformative science.