RIDIR: Collaborative Research: cyberSW: A Data Synthesis and Knowledge Discovery System for Long-term Interdisciplinary Research on Southwest Social Change

本项目将创建一个综合的知识发现系统，它将大大加强对十年到百年尺度的长期社会变革的跨学科研究。该项目将整合来自美国西南部数万个前西班牙定居点的数百万件物品的数据，使其成为世界上最大的数字考古知识库之一。使用考古数据的一个主要挑战是，大多数相关信息都没有经过数字化管理或综合，超出了个别项目。美国西南部最近的一些综合项目显示了这些数据在解决社会科学中的重大问题方面的巨大潜力，例如：是什么促使了一些社会的成功或失败？移民如何改变社会身份并创造新的社会结构？环境挑战与社会变革之间的关系是什么？我们将在这些项目的基础上建立一个综合系统，使不同专业水平的用户能够随时查看，分析和导出西南部过去社会的数据，以解决这些问题和许多其他与当代社会相关的问题。由于保护和调查的强度，美国西南部拥有无与伦比的高质量人类占领和社会变革的考古记录。考古数据具有地理空间和时间参考，包括人口规模和流动、社会多样性和不平等、技术创新和传播以及气候等变量。通过创建cyberSW，拟议项目将通过以下方式实现这些数据的累积研究潜力：（1）将几个现有的综合数据库合并为一个可扩展的网络数字储存库;（2）收集更多的数据，以填补空间、时间和物质文化方面的空白;（3）分析这些数据，并为数据分析和可视化创建用户友好的在线工具;以及（4）建立一个门户网站，供专业研究人员和公众使用，用于数据可视化、分析和共享。使这些数据可供研究人员和公众使用，确保考古研究的结果是可访问的，可解释的和可复制的。在线分析工具将允许各种各样的个人进行自己的分析，无论是对他们的历史感兴趣的部落成员，负责公共解释的土地管理者，学习数据处理和显示的学生，还是努力解决有关人类过去的长期问题的社会科学家。注册志愿者的公民科学部分将允许更大的社区参与变革性科学。

AbstractThis project will create cyberSW, an integrated knowledge discovery system that will significantly enhance interdisciplinary research on long-term social change at decadal to centennial scales. The project will result in the data integration of millions of objects from tens of thousands of Prehispanic settlements across the U.S. Southwest, making it one of the largest digital archaeological repositories in the world. A major challenge in using archaeological data is that most relevant information is not digitally curated or synthesized beyond individual projects. A number of recent synthesis projects in the U.S. Southwest show the great potential of these data for addressing big questions in the social sciences such as: What promotes the success or failure of some societies? How does migration transform social identities and create new social structures? And, what are the relationships between environmental challenges and social changes? We will build on these prior projects to produce an integrated system that will allow users at different levels of expertise to readily view, analyze, and export data on past societies in the Southwest to address these and many other questions relevant to contemporary society.Due to preservation and intensity of investigations, the U.S. Southwest has an unparalleled high quality archaeological record of human occupation and social change. Archaeological data are geospatially- and temporally-referenced and include variables such as population scale and movement, social diversity and inequality, technological innovations and diffusion, and climate. Through the creation of cyberSW the proposed project will realize the cumulative research potential of these data by (1) merging several existing synthetic databases into one scalable, networked digital repository; (2) collecting additional data to fill in spatial, temporal, and material culture gaps; (3) analyzing those data and creating user-friendly online tools for data analysis and visualization; and (4) establishing a web portal for data visualization, analysis, and sharing that is available to both professional researchers and the general public. Making these data usable to researchers and to the public ensures that the findings of archaeological research are accessible, interpretable, and replicable. The online analytical tools will allow a wide range of individuals to conduct their own analyses, whether tribal members interested in their history, land managers responsible for public interpretation, students learning data manipulation and display, or social scientists grappling with the long-term questions about the human past. A Citizen Science component for registered volunteers will allow a bigger community to participate in transformative science.