NSFDEB-NERC: Ecological Genomics of Adaptive Polymorphism

NSFDEB-NERC:适应性多态性的生态基因组学

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1740466
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 36.68万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2017-05-01 至 2024-04-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Individuals are enormously genetically diverse, even when those individuals live close together in the same environments. This high diversity has important implications for sustainable agriculture and for the conservation of biodiversity because genetic diversity allows crops and wild plants and animals to persist in the face of disease and other environmental challenges. Understanding genetic diversity is also important in medicine because individuals have different susceptibility to disease and they can respond differently to the same treatment; this is the foundation of the recent emphasis on "personalized medicine". However, high genetic diversity is surprising because we expect that local populations that share a common gene pool and experience similar environments should be relatively genetically homogenous. This project addresses the debate about why individuals within populations (including humans) are so genetically diverse. Specifically, the research team will test a prominent hypothesis: that high diversity is maintained because rare gene variants confer an advantage to individuals who bear them (i.e., they are favored by natural selection). The project will also identify the genes that are the direct targets of this kind of selection. Because experiments required to answer these questions would be impossible in humans or agricultural species, the project will use a vertebrate animal that has well-known natural history, ecology, and behavior, and for which the genome sequence has recently become available (the Trinidad guppy). These small fish have high genetic diversity for body color, and this research will examine competing ideas about why: (1) fish with rare patterns survive better, or (2) fish with rare patterns reproduce more successfully. This project will also produce educational material and activities for school children. This material will enhance students' understanding of genetics, ecology, and evolutionary biology by using an animal with which many students are already familiar since guppies are popular in home aquariums.Accounting for the persistence of high genetic diversity in ecologically-important traits is a fundamental problem in population genetics, and one that has fundamental implications for agriculture, medicine, and conservation biology. Debate about what processes maintain variation has led to the development of important population-genetic principles and hypotheses, but the larger question remains unanswered. This project will test the hypothesis that selection that varies in space or time ("balancing selection") maintains genetic diversity in natural populations and will link these selective processes directly to the genetic variants they target. Researchers will combine genomic and ecological approaches in a species exhibiting one of the best-known cases of adaptive polymorphism, the colour patterns in the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Field and laboratory studies of predator density, reproductive behavior, and color-pattern variation will determine which ecological processes promote genetic variation. Whole-genome sequencing of guppies from 13 natural populations will identify regions of the genome enriched for intermediate-frequency alleles; using data from many populations will allow us to differentiate between loci under balancing selection and those that are polymorphic because of non-selective processes such as random genetic drift and migration. This multipronged approach will enable linking evolutionary processes that maintain variation directly to the genetic variants (polymorphisms) they target.
个体在基因上是非常多样化的,即使这些个体在相同的环境中生活在一起。 这种高度的多样性对可持续农业和生物多样性的保护具有重要意义,因为遗传多样性使作物和野生动植物能够在疾病和其他环境挑战面前坚持下去。 了解遗传多样性在医学上也很重要,因为个人对疾病的易感性不同,他们对同一种治疗的反应也不同;这是最近强调"个性化医疗"的基础。 然而,高遗传多样性是令人惊讶的,因为我们预计,共享共同基因库和经历类似环境的当地人群应该是相对遗传同质的。这个项目解决了关于为什么人群中的个体(包括人类)在遗传上如此多样化的争论。 具体来说,研究小组将测试一个突出的假设:保持高多样性是因为罕见的基因变异赋予携带它们的个体优势(即,它们是自然选择的结果)。 该项目还将确定这种选择的直接目标基因。 由于回答这些问题所需的实验在人类或农业物种中是不可能的,该项目将使用一种具有众所周知的自然历史,生态学和行为的脊椎动物,并且其基因组序列最近已经可用(特立尼达孔雀鱼)。 这些小鱼的体色具有很高的遗传多样性,这项研究将探讨为什么:(1)具有罕见图案的鱼生存得更好,或者(2)具有罕见图案的鱼繁殖得更成功。 该项目还将为在校儿童制作教材和开展活动。 本教材将通过使用一种许多学生已经熟悉的动物来增强学生对遗传学、生态学和进化生物学的理解,因为孔雀鱼在家庭水族馆中很受欢迎。解释具有生态重要性的性状的高遗传多样性的持续性是种群遗传学中的一个基本问题,也是对农业、医学和保护生物学具有根本意义的问题。 关于什么过程维持变异的争论已经导致了重要的群体遗传学原理和假说的发展,但更大的问题仍然没有答案。 该项目将检验在空间或时间上变化的选择("平衡选择")保持自然种群遗传多样性的假设,并将这些选择过程直接与它们所针对的遗传变异联系起来。研究人员将联合收割机结合基因组和生态学方法,在一个物种中展示最著名的适应性多态性案例之一,特立尼达孔雀鱼(Poecilia reticulata)的颜色模式。对捕食者密度、繁殖行为和颜色模式变化的实地和实验室研究将确定哪些生态过程促进遗传变异。对13个自然种群的孔雀鱼进行全基因组测序,将确定富含中频等位基因的基因组区域;使用来自许多种群的数据将使我们能够区分平衡选择下的基因座和那些由于非选择性过程(如随机遗传漂变和迁移)而多态的基因座。这种多管齐下的方法将能够将维持变异的进化过程直接与它们所针对的遗传变异(多态性)联系起来。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(19)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Sex differences in the plasticity of life history in response to social environment
生活史可塑性对社会环境的性别差异
  • DOI:
    10.1111/evo.14186
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.3
  • 作者:
    Lange, Elizabeth C.;Ptacek, Margaret B.;Travis, Joseph;Hughes, Kimberly A.
  • 通讯作者:
    Hughes, Kimberly A.
Indirect Genetic Effects: A Cross-disciplinary Perspective on Empirical Studies
  • DOI:
    10.1093/jhered/esab059
  • 发表时间:
    2021-05-10
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.1
  • 作者:
    Baud, Amelie;McPeek, Sarah;Hughes, Kimberly A.
  • 通讯作者:
    Hughes, Kimberly A.
Habituation of mating preferences: a response to Chiandetti and Turatto
交配偏好的习惯化:对 Chiandetti 和 Turatto 的回应
Mating Preference for Novel Phenotypes Can Be Explained by General Neophilia in Female Guppies
  • DOI:
    10.1086/710177
  • 发表时间:
    2020-10-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.9
  • 作者:
    Daniel, Mitchel J.;Koffinas, Laura;Hughes, Kimberly A.
  • 通讯作者:
    Hughes, Kimberly A.
Can You Trust Who You See? The Evolution of Socially Cued Anticipatory Plasticity
你能相信你看到的人吗?
  • DOI:
    10.1086/712919
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Lange, Elizabeth C.;Travis, Joseph;Hughes, Kimberly A.;M’Gonigle, Leithen K.
  • 通讯作者:
    M’Gonigle, Leithen K.
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Kevin Dixon其他文献

Demand and the reduction of consumer power in English football: a historical case-study of newcastle United fanzine, the Mag 1988–1999
英国足球的需求和消费能力的下降:纽卡斯尔联球迷杂志《Mag 1988-1999》的历史案例研究
  • DOI:
    10.1080/14660970.2018.1508020
  • 发表时间:
    2018
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1.4
  • 作者:
    Kevin Dixon
  • 通讯作者:
    Kevin Dixon
Superheroes - Image and performance enhancing drug (IPED) use within the UK, social media and gym culture.
超级英雄 - 英国境内形象和表现增强药物 (IPED) 的使用、社交媒体和健身文化。
‘Surf’s up!’: A call to take English soccer fan interactions on the Internet more seriously
“冲浪起来!”:呼吁更认真地对待英国足球迷在互联网上的互动
  • DOI:
    10.1080/14660970.2010.497359
  • 发表时间:
    2010
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1.4
  • 作者:
    T. Gibbons;Kevin Dixon
  • 通讯作者:
    Kevin Dixon
Sexual Abuse and Masculine Cultures: Reflections on the British Football Scandal of 2016
性虐待与男性文化:对 2016 年英国足球丑闻的反思
Football fandom and Disneyisation in late-modern life
晚期现代生活中的足球迷和迪士尼化
  • DOI:
    10.1080/02614367.2012.667819
  • 发表时间:
    2014
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.8
  • 作者:
    Kevin Dixon
  • 通讯作者:
    Kevin Dixon

Kevin Dixon的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Kevin Dixon', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: The mismeasure of GxE: causes and consequences of environmental exposures for the evolution of plasticity
合作研究:GxE 的错误衡量:环境暴露对可塑性演化的原因和后果
  • 批准号:
    2217558
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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    2025
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NSFDEB-NERC: Spatial and temporal tradeoffs in CO2 and CH4 emissions in tropical wetlands
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  • 批准号:
    NE/Z000254/1
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Collaborative Research: NSFDEB-NERC: Warming's silver lining? Thermal compensation at multiple levels of organization may promote stream ecosystem stability in response to drought
合作研究:NSFDEB-NERC:变暖的一线希望?
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Collaborative Research: NSFGEO/NERC: After the cataclysm: cryptic degassing and delayed recovery in the wake of Large Igneous Province volcanism
合作研究:NSFGEO/NERC:灾难之后:大型火成岩省火山活动后的神秘脱气和延迟恢复
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Collaborative Research: NSFGEO-NERC: Using population genetic models to resolve and predict dispersal kernels of marine larvae
合作研究:NSFGEO-NERC:利用群体遗传模型解析和预测海洋幼虫的扩散内核
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NERC-NSFGEO: Imaging the magma storage region and hydrothermal system of an active arc volcano
NERC-NSFGEO:对活弧火山的岩浆储存区域和热液系统进行成像
  • 批准号:
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