Convergence QL: NSF/DOE Quantum Science Summer School

非技术摘要：20世纪头几十年量子力学的发明给看似完整的经典世界带来了陌生和诡异。这第一次量子革命促成了20世纪令人惊叹的技术发展，导致了现代电子学和巨大的社会影响。今天，世界正在见证第二次量子革命的早期，量子力学的收敛元素，如量子叠加或量子纠缠，将导致在量子计算、量子密码学或量子传感方面的广泛实际应用。实现这一目标的主要障碍之一是缺乏专门的劳动力。所需的资质包括对量子力学的深刻理解，但也包括微波电子、低温和超高真空技术、量子材料、高级计算机编程和算法优化等融合领域的实践知识，以及设备和系统工程的元素。现有的教育项目通常只专注于上述一个或两个领域。该项目帮助填补了为量子革命培养未来干部方面的空白，方法是将一个在量子科学各个方面经验丰富的跨学科从业者小组与一群来自美国各地的精选研究生以每年定期举办的暑期学校的形式结合在一起。文化和智力的挑战来自于需要让学生掌握与量子革命相关的多个领域的实用知识，但也来自培养他们学习能力和保持未来进步所需的好奇心的愿望。学生与该领域领导者的互动基于直接演讲、教程和演讲的混合，互动活动包括圆桌讨论、学生演讲和量子技术实际使用课程。来自不同学科的演讲者之间的相互作用，从凝聚态物理到量子化学和工程学，有望在该领域的边界产生新的想法。技术摘要：正如20世纪20年代的第一次量子革命导致了当今的现代数字和电信时代一样，量子科学的现状表明，第二次量子革命即将到来，这不仅将对我们对自然世界的基本理解产生广泛的影响，而且对计算、能源和全球连接也将产生广泛的影响。这一发展的一个关键组成部分是对下一代科学家进行“量子飞跃”的原则、方法和目标的教育。这是因为人们注意到，快速增长的量子产业正面临着唯一合格的劳动力严重短缺的问题。考虑到量子科学领域学科的广度--涉及数学、化学、物理、材料科学和工程学，新的量子科学教育方法尤为重要。作为发起这一教育努力的一部分，该项目为研究生提供了一个暑期班，作为一种直接工具，提供对新兴的聚合量子科学和技术领域的深度沉浸。这次聚会的方式是举办暑期学校，让学生接触到他们在传统课堂环境或典型会议/讲习班可能接触到的以外的科学和技术教育。讲师专注于关于这些主题的教学讲座，而不是研讨会式的研究报告。下午的课程旨在让学生和演讲者参与互动活动。计划在科学和职业相关会议上由发言者和组织者担任小组成员的专题小组讨论。鼓励讲师在几天内参加，而不是一天或两天，以包括来自不同学科的讲师之间跨学科思想授粉的额外好处。该计划结合了课堂风格教育、研究研讨会、多种互动形式和积极的讨论论坛等方面。学校为期两周，既鼓励学生和讲师之间的正式和非正式讨论，也鼓励学生自己进行讨论。

Non-technical Abstract: The invention of quantum mechanics in the early decades of 20th century introduced strangeness and spookiness to the seemingly complete classical world. This first quantum revolution enabled the amazing technological developments of the 20th century, resulting e.g. in modern electronics and immense societal impact. Today the world is witnessing the early days of the second quantum revolution, where the convergent elements of quantum mechanics like quantum superposition or quantum entanglement will lead to widespread practical applications in quantum computing, quantum cryptography or quantum sensing. One of the major obstacles in achieving this goal is lack of specialized workforce. The required qualifications comprise deep understanding of quantum mechanics, but also include practical knowledge of the convergent fields of microwave electronics, cryogenic and ultra-high vacuum technologies, quantum materials, advanced computer programming and algorithm optimization, with elements of device and system engineering. Existing educational programs usually specialize in only one or two of the above areas. This project helps fill the void in educating the future cadre for quantum revolution by putting together a transdisciplinary group of practitioners experienced in various aspects of quantum science with a group of select graduate students from across the US in the form of an annually recurring Summer School. The cultural and intellectual challenge comes from a need to equip students with practical knowledge of multiple fields relevant to quantum revolution, but also from the desire to foster their ability to learn and maintain the curiosity needed for future progress. The interactions of students with leaders in the field are based on a mixture of direct presentations, tutorials and talks, with interactive activities including round table discussions, student presentations, and courses in practical use of quantum technology. Interactions between speakers from various disciplines, from condensed matter physics through quantum chemistry and engineering, are expected to generate new ideas at the boundaries of fields.Technical Abstract:As the first quantum revolution of the 1920s led to the modern digital and telecommunications age of the present day, the current position of quantum science suggests that a second quantum revolution is at hand which is expected to have wide reaching implications not only for our fundamental understanding of the natural world but also for computing, energy, and global connectivity. A critical component of this development is the education of the next generation of scientists in the principles, methods, and goals of this "Quantum Leap". This is motivated by the observation that the rapidly growing quantum industry is facing an acute shortage of uniquely qualified workforce. New approaches to education in quantum science are particularly important given the breadth of disciplines brought together in this area- reaching across mathematics, chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering. As part of initiating this educational effort, this project puts forth a summer school for graduate students as a direct tool to provide an in-depth immersion in the emerging field of convergent quantum science and technology. The approach of this gathering is a summer school wherein students are exposed to education in science and technology beyond what they could be exposed to in traditional classroom settings or typical conferences/workshops. Lecturers focus on pedagogical lectures on these topics rather than seminar style research presentations. Afternoon sessions are aimed at interactive activities involving students and presenters. Themed panels with speakers and organizers serving as panel members for both scientific and career related sessions are planned. The lecturers are encouraged to participate in several days rather than one or two days, to include the additional benefit of cross-disciplinary "pollination" of ideas between lecturers from different disciplines. The program combines aspects of classroom style education, research seminars, multitude of interactive forms and an active discussion forum. The two week duration for the school encourages both formal and informal discussion between students and lecturers as well as among the students themselves.