The Nitrogen Isotopic Composition of Diatom Resting Spores in Southern Ocean Sediments: A Source of Bias and/or Paleoenvironmental Information?

南大洋沉积物中硅藻休眠孢子的氮同位素组成:偏差和/或古环境信息的来源?

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1744871
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 39.68万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2018-07-15 至 2023-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The chemical composition of diatom fossils in the Southern Ocean provides information about the environmental history of Antarctica, including sea ice extent, biological production, and ocean nutrient distribution. The sea ice zone is an important habitat for a group of diatoms, largely from the genus Chaetoceros, that have a unique life cycle stage under environmental stress, when they produce a structure called a resting spore. Resting spores are meant to reseed the surface ocean when conditions are more favorable. The production of these heavy resting spores tends to remove significant amounts of carbon and silicon, essential nutrients, out of the surface ocean. As a result, this group has the potential to remove carbon from the surface ocean and can impact the sedimentary record scientists use to reconstruct environmental change. This project explores the role of resting spores in the sedimentary record using the nitrogen isotopic signature of these fossils and how those measurements are used to estimate carbon cycle changes. The work will include laboratory incubations of these organisms to answer if and how the chemistry of the resting spores differs from that of a typical diatom cell. The incubation results will be used to evaluate nutrient drawdown in sea ice environments during two contrasting intervals in earth history, the last ice age and the warm Pliocene. This work should have significant impact on how the scientific community considers the impact of seasonal sea ice cover in the Southern Ocean in terms of how it responds to and regulates global climate. The project provides training and research opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students. Ongoing research efforts in Antarctic earth sciences will be disseminated through an interactive display at the home institution.The work proposed here will address uncertainties in how Chaetoceros resting spores record surface nutrient conditions in their nitrogen stable isotopic composition, the relative impact of their specific signal with respect to the full sedimentary assemblage, and their potential to bias or enhance environmental reconstructions in the sea ice zone. Measurements of nitrogen stable isotopes of nitrate, biomass, and diatom-bound nitrogen and silicon-to-nitrogen ratios of individual species grown in the laboratory will be used to quantify how resting spores record nutrient drawdown in the water column and to what degree their signature is biased toward low nutrient conditions. These relationships will be used to inform diatom-bound nitrogen isotope reconstructions of nutrient drawdown from a Pliocene coastal polyna and an open ocean core that spans the last glacial maximum. This proposal capitalizes on the availability of Southern Ocean isolates of Chaetoceros spp. collected in 2017 for the proposed culture work and archived sediment cores and/or existing data.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
南大洋硅藻化石的化学成分提供了有关南极洲环境历史的信息,包括海冰范围,生物生产和海洋营养分布。海冰区是一组硅藻的重要栖息地,主要来自角毛藻属,在环境压力下具有独特的生命周期阶段,当它们产生一种称为休眠孢子的结构时。休眠的孢子是为了在条件更有利的时候在海洋表面重新播种。这些沉重的休眠孢子的产生往往会将大量的碳和硅,必需的营养物质,从海洋表面带走。因此,这一群体有可能从海洋表面去除碳,并可能影响科学家用来重建环境变化的沉积记录。该项目利用这些化石的氮同位素特征以及如何使用这些测量来估计碳循环变化来探索休眠孢子在沉积记录中的作用。这项工作将包括这些生物的实验室培养,以回答休眠孢子的化学性质是否以及如何不同于典型的硅藻细胞。孵化结果将用于评估地球历史上最后一个冰河时代和暖上新世两个对比时期海冰环境中的营养物质下降。这项工作将对科学界如何看待南大洋季节性海冰覆盖对全球气候的反应和调节产生的影响产生重大影响。该项目为本科生和研究生提供培训和研究机会。正在进行的南极地球科学研究工作将通过在本国机构的交互式展示加以传播,这里提议的工作将解决角毛藻休眠孢子如何在其氮稳定同位素组成中记录表面营养条件的不确定性,其特定信号对整个沉积组合的相对影响,以及它们对海冰区环境重建的潜在影响。氮稳定同位素的硝酸盐,生物量,和在实验室中生长的个别物种的氮结合和硅氮比的测量将被用来量化如何休息孢子记录营养下降的水柱和他们的签名在多大程度上偏向于低营养条件。这些关系将被用来通知从上新世沿海水螅和开阔的海洋核心,跨越末次冰期最大的营养下降的氮同位素重建。该提案利用了南大洋角毛藻属分离物的可用性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

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Rebecca Robinson其他文献

Overview of the US Food and Drug Administration Regulatory Process
美国食品药品监督管理局监管流程概述
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2019
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Carolyn Yong;D. Kaplan;Andrea Gray;L. Ricles;Anna R. Kwilas;S. Brubaker;J. Arcidiacono;Lei Xu;Cynthia J Chang;Rebecca Robinson;R. Mcfarland
  • 通讯作者:
    R. Mcfarland
This Work Is Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Watching Eyes on Potential Litter Can Reduce Littering: Evidence from Two Watching Eyes on Potential Litter Can Reduce Littering: Evidence from Two Field Experiments
本作品已获得知识共享署名 4.0 国际许可的许可 观察潜在垃圾可以减少乱扔垃圾:来自两只观察潜在垃圾的眼睛可以减少乱扔垃圾的证据:来自两次现场实验的证据
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    M. Bateson;Robinson R;Abayomi;Greenlees J O 'connor;Nettle D;D. Nettle;M. Bateson;Rebecca Robinson;Tim Abayomi;Josh Greenlees;Abby O 'connor
  • 通讯作者:
    Abby O 'connor
Enhancing Diversity and Inclusion in Computer Science Undergraduate Programs: The Role of Admissions
增强计算机科学本科课程的多样性和包容性:招生的作用
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2023
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Ouldooz Baghban Karimi;Giulia Toti;Mirela Gutica;Rebecca Robinson;Lisa Zhang;James H. Paterson;Peggy Lindner;Mike O’Dea
  • 通讯作者:
    Mike O’Dea
Measurement: the central nervous system of a quality manufacturing line for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine products
测量:组织工程和再生医学产品质量生产线的中枢神经系统
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2020
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    M. McCorry;Rebecca Robinson;R. Mcfarland;T. Bollenbach
  • 通讯作者:
    T. Bollenbach
Workshop on the characterization of fiber-based scaffolds: Challenges, progress, and future directions.
纤维支架表征研讨会:挑战、进展和未来方向。

Rebecca Robinson的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Rebecca Robinson', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: The Roles of Seasonality, Silicification, and Alteration in Nitrogen and Silicon Isotope Paleo-proxy Variability
合作研究:季节性、硅化和蚀变在氮和硅同位素古代理变异中的作用
  • 批准号:
    2218704
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Manganese as a key reactant in the expanding low oxygen zones of the Gulf of Mexico, USA
合作研究:锰作为美国墨西哥湾不断扩大的低氧区域的关键反应物
  • 批准号:
    2022782
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
MRI: Acquisition of a Customized GC-IRMS for Isotopic Analysis of Nitrate and Nitrous Oxide at URI
MRI:获取定制 GC-IRMS,用于 URI 硝酸盐和一氧化二氮的同位素分析
  • 批准号:
    1919605
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Tracking the Subtropical Front across the Mid Pleistocene Transition Using Sea Surface Temperature and Nutrients
合作研究:利用海面温度和营养物追踪中更新世过渡期的副热带锋
  • 批准号:
    1736938
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Proposal: A Field and Laboratory Examination of the Diatom N and Si Isotope Proxies: Implications for Assessing the Southern Ocean Biological Pump
合作提案:硅藻 N 和 Si 同位素代理的现场和实验室检查:对评估南大洋生物泵的影响
  • 批准号:
    1341464
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Linking high latitude nutrient supply to export productivity and nitrogen cycling in the tropical Pacific across the Plio-Pleistocene
将高纬度养分供应与上里欧-更新世热带太平洋的出口生产力和氮循环联系起来
  • 批准号:
    1060779
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: N and Si Dynamics in the Glacial Southern Ocean
合作研究:南冰洋冰川中的氮和硅动态
  • 批准号:
    0752191
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
"Collaborative Research: Constraining the marine nitrogen cycle using a new approach to measuring nitrogen isotopes of chlorins"
“合作研究:使用测量二氢卟酚氮同位素的新方法限制海洋氮循环”
  • 批准号:
    0825260
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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合作研究:表征同位素组成作为大气过氧乙酰硝酸盐 (PAN) 来源和化学的示踪剂
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