Collaborative Proposal: A Field and Laboratory Examination of the Diatom N and Si Isotope Proxies: Implications for Assessing the Southern Ocean Biological Pump

合作提案:硅藻 N 和 Si 同位素代理的现场和实验室检查:对评估南大洋生物泵的影响

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1341464
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 41.36万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2016-01-01 至 2019-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Collaborative Proposal: A field and laboratory examination of the diatom N and Si isotope proxies: Implications for assessing the Southern Ocean biological pumpThe rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and associated climate changes make understanding the role of the ocean in large scale carbon cycle a priority. Geologic samples allow exploration of potential mechanisms for carbon dioxide drawdown during glacial periods through the use of geochemical proxies. Nitrogen and silicon isotope signatures from fossil diatoms (microscopic plants) are used to investigate changes in the physical supply and biological demand for nutrients (like nitrogen and silicon and carbon) in the Southern Ocean. The project will evaluate the use the nitrogen and silicon isotope proxies through a series of laboratory experiments and Southern Ocean field sampling. The results will provide quantification of real relationships between nitrogen and silicon isotopes and nutrient usage in the Southern Ocean and allow exploration of the role of other factors, including biological diversity, ice cover, and mixing, in altering the chemical signatures recorded by diatoms. Seafloor sediment samples will be used to evaluate how well the signal created in the water column is recorded by fossil diatoms buried in the seafloor. Improving the nutrient isotope proxies will allow for a more quantitative understanding of the role of polar biology in regulating natural variation in atmospheric carbon dioxide. The project will also result in the training of a graduate student and development of outreach materials targeting a broad popular audience.This project seeks to test the fidelity of the diatom nitrogen and silicon isotope proxies, two commonly used paleoceanographic tools for investigating the role of the Southern Ocean biological pump in regulating atmospheric CO2 concentrations on glacial-interglacial timescales. Existing ground-truthing data, including culture experiments, surface sediment data and downcore reconstructions, all suggest that nutrient utilization is the primary driver of isotopic variation in the Southern Ocean. However, strong contribution of interspecific variation is implied by recent culture results. Moreover, field and laboratory studies present some contradictory results in terms of the relative importance of interspecific variation and of inferred post-depositional alteration of the nutrient isotope signals. Here, a first order test of the N and Si diatom nutrient isotope paleo-proxies, involving water column dissolved and particulate sampling and laboratory culturing of field-isolates, is proposed. Southern Ocean water, biomass, live diatoms and fossil diatom sampling will be conducted to investigate species and assemblage related variability in diatom nitrogen and silicon isotopes and their relationship to surface nutrient fields and early diagenesis. Access to fresh materials produced in an analogous environmental context to the sediments of primary interest is critical for making robust paleoceanographic reconstructions. Field sampling will occur along 175°W, transecting the Antarctic Circumpolar Current from the subtropics to the marginal ice edge. Collection of water, sinking/suspended particles and multi-core samples from 13 stations and 3 shipboard incubation experiments will be used to test four proposed hypotheses that together evaluate the significance of existing culture results and seek to allow the best use of diatom nutrient isotope proxies in evaluating the biological pump.
合作建议:对硅藻N和Si同位素替代物的实地和实验室检查:对评估南大洋生物泵的影响大气二氧化碳浓度的上升和相关的气候变化使了解海洋在大规模碳循环中的作用成为优先事项。地质样本可以通过使用地球化学指标来探索冰川时期二氧化碳减少的潜在机制。来自硅藻化石(微型植物)的氮和硅同位素特征被用来研究南大洋对营养物质(如氮、硅和碳)的物理供应和生物需求的变化。该项目将通过一系列实验室实验和南大洋实地采样来评估氮和硅同位素替代品的使用情况。这些结果将量化氮和硅同位素与南大洋营养物质使用之间的真实关系,并允许探索其他因素在改变硅藻记录的化学特征方面的作用,包括生物多样性、冰盖和混合。海底沉积物样本将被用来评估埋在海底的化石硅藻记录水柱中产生的信号的情况。改进营养同位素替代物将使人们能够更定量地了解极地生物在调节大气二氧化碳自然变化方面的作用。该项目还将培训一名研究生,并编制针对广大大众的宣传材料。该项目力求测试硅藻氮和硅同位素指标的保真度,这是两种常用的古海洋学工具,用于调查南大洋生物泵在调节冰期-间冰期时间尺度上的大气二氧化碳浓度方面的作用。现有的地面实况数据,包括养殖实验、表层沉积物数据和岩心下部重建数据,都表明营养物质的利用是南大洋同位素变化的主要驱动因素。然而,最近的培养结果暗示了种间变异的强大贡献。此外,就种间变异和推断的营养同位素信号沉积后变化的相对重要性而言,现场和实验室研究提出了一些相互矛盾的结果。本文提出了N、Si硅藻营养同位素古替代物的一级检验,包括水柱溶解、颗粒采样和野外分离的实验室培养。将通过对南大洋水体、生物量、活硅藻和硅藻化石的采样,研究硅藻氮和硅同位素的种类和组合变异性及其与表层营养场和早期成岩作用的关系。获得在与主要感兴趣的沉积物相似的环境背景下产生的新材料,对于进行强有力的古海洋学重建至关重要。野外采样将沿着175°W进行,将南极绕极洋流从亚热带横切到冰缘边缘。来自13个站点和3个船上培养实验的水、下沉/悬浮颗粒和多核心样本的收集将被用来检验四个拟议的假设,这些假设一起评估现有培养结果的重要性,并寻求在评估生物泵时允许最佳利用硅藻营养同位素代理。

项目成果

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Rebecca Robinson其他文献

Overview of the US Food and Drug Administration Regulatory Process
美国食品药品监督管理局监管流程概述
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2019
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Carolyn Yong;D. Kaplan;Andrea Gray;L. Ricles;Anna R. Kwilas;S. Brubaker;J. Arcidiacono;Lei Xu;Cynthia J Chang;Rebecca Robinson;R. Mcfarland
  • 通讯作者:
    R. Mcfarland
This Work Is Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Watching Eyes on Potential Litter Can Reduce Littering: Evidence from Two Watching Eyes on Potential Litter Can Reduce Littering: Evidence from Two Field Experiments
本作品已获得知识共享署名 4.0 国际许可的许可 观察潜在垃圾可以减少乱扔垃圾:来自两只观察潜在垃圾的眼睛可以减少乱扔垃圾的证据:来自两次现场实验的证据
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    M. Bateson;Robinson R;Abayomi;Greenlees J O 'connor;Nettle D;D. Nettle;M. Bateson;Rebecca Robinson;Tim Abayomi;Josh Greenlees;Abby O 'connor
  • 通讯作者:
    Abby O 'connor
Enhancing Diversity and Inclusion in Computer Science Undergraduate Programs: The Role of Admissions
增强计算机科学本科课程的多样性和包容性:招生的作用
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2023
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Ouldooz Baghban Karimi;Giulia Toti;Mirela Gutica;Rebecca Robinson;Lisa Zhang;James H. Paterson;Peggy Lindner;Mike O’Dea
  • 通讯作者:
    Mike O’Dea
Measurement: the central nervous system of a quality manufacturing line for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine products
测量:组织工程和再生医学产品质量生产线的中枢神经系统
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2020
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    M. McCorry;Rebecca Robinson;R. Mcfarland;T. Bollenbach
  • 通讯作者:
    T. Bollenbach
Workshop on the characterization of fiber-based scaffolds: Challenges, progress, and future directions.
纤维支架表征研讨会:挑战、进展和未来方向。

Rebecca Robinson的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Rebecca Robinson', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: The Roles of Seasonality, Silicification, and Alteration in Nitrogen and Silicon Isotope Paleo-proxy Variability
合作研究:季节性、硅化和蚀变在氮和硅同位素古代理变异中的作用
  • 批准号:
    2218704
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 41.36万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Manganese as a key reactant in the expanding low oxygen zones of the Gulf of Mexico, USA
合作研究:锰作为美国墨西哥湾不断扩大的低氧区域的关键反应物
  • 批准号:
    2022782
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 41.36万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
MRI: Acquisition of a Customized GC-IRMS for Isotopic Analysis of Nitrate and Nitrous Oxide at URI
MRI:获取定制 GC-IRMS,用于 URI 硝酸盐和一氧化二氮的同位素分析
  • 批准号:
    1919605
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 41.36万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
The Nitrogen Isotopic Composition of Diatom Resting Spores in Southern Ocean Sediments: A Source of Bias and/or Paleoenvironmental Information?
南大洋沉积物中硅藻休眠孢子的氮同位素组成:偏差和/或古环境信息的来源?
  • 批准号:
    1744871
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 41.36万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Tracking the Subtropical Front across the Mid Pleistocene Transition Using Sea Surface Temperature and Nutrients
合作研究:利用海面温度和营养物追踪中更新世过渡期的副热带锋
  • 批准号:
    1736938
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 41.36万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Linking high latitude nutrient supply to export productivity and nitrogen cycling in the tropical Pacific across the Plio-Pleistocene
将高纬度养分供应与上里欧-更新世热带太平洋的出口生产力和氮循环联系起来
  • 批准号:
    1060779
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 41.36万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: N and Si Dynamics in the Glacial Southern Ocean
合作研究:南冰洋冰川中的氮和硅动态
  • 批准号:
    0752191
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 41.36万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
"Collaborative Research: Constraining the marine nitrogen cycle using a new approach to measuring nitrogen isotopes of chlorins"
“合作研究:使用测量二氢卟酚氮同位素的新方法限制海洋氮循环”
  • 批准号:
    0825260
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 41.36万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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