Collaborative Research: Increasing Understanding of 30-60 Sec Resolution Satellite Observations with Respect to Convective Initiation and Improving Microphysical Parameterizations

美国在2016年发射了一颗新的观测卫星，称为地球静止业务环境卫星，通常被称为GEOS-16。 这颗卫星载有一套仪器，大大改善了对云和闪电的遥感。 在这个奖项中，研究人员将利用GOES-16的快速扫描功能来研究积云中发生的物理过程。 这项研究有可能改善短期对流预报，这是经济和公共安全利益。 该项目还将培训下一代科学家，确保拥有一支受过教育和有准备的劳动力队伍。研究团队将使用GOES-16高级基线成像仪（ABI）的新超快速扫描（SRS）观测结果来研究正在生长和成熟的对流云中发生的物理过程。 SRS观测将与雷达，闪电和模式数据相结合，以解决研究项目的两个主要问题：1）我们如何最大限度地提高高时间频率SRS云敏感IR观测的价值，以了解积云中发生的物理过程？2）我们如何将SRS数据集与雷达和数值预报数据相结合，以获得更长的对流风暴预测提前期？ 具体的基础科学研究目标是获得对云内过程的理解，特别是上升气流的大小，演变和大小，影响包裹浮力的因素，以及水凝物场。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The United States launched a new observational satellite in 2016 called the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, commonly referred to as GEOS-16. This satellite contains a package of instruments that greatly improves the remote sensing of clouds and lightning. In this award, researchers will make use of the rapid scan features of GOES-16 to study physical processes occurring in cumulus clouds. The research has the potential to improve short time-frame convective forecasts, which are of economic and public safety interest. The project will also train the next generation of scientists, ensuring an educated and prepared workforce.The research team will use new super rapid scan (SRS) observations from the GOES-16 Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) to examine physical processes occurring in growing and mature convective clouds. SRS observations will be combined with radar, lightning, and model data to address the two main questions of the research project: 1) How do we maximize the value of high-time frequency SRS cloud-sensitive IR observations for understanding physical processes occurring in cumulus clouds? and 2) How do we extend the use of SRS datasets in combination with radar and NWP data to obtain longer predictive lead times for convective storms? The specific basic science research goals are to gain understanding about in-cloud processes, especially updraft magnitude, evolution and size, factors influencing parcel buoyancy, and hydrometeor fields.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.