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Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Examination of Factors Which Underlie Community Mobility

博士论文改进奖：社区流动性因素检验

基本信息

批准号：
1748057
负责人：
Peter Lape
金额：
$ 2.5万
依托单位：
University of Washington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-12-01 至 2021-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1748057&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award Examination

项目摘要

Archaeologists at the University of Washington, Seattle, will collaborate with Indonesian colleagues to investigate why some residentially sedentary communities relocate over short distances. Some societies have developed and retained building styles that allow easy movement, although communities therein tend to remain in the same place for generations. The researchers will examine potential causes for infrequent, short-distance mobility including changing climate, conflict, changes in trade, ideological change, and epidemics, which may have influenced decisions to shift settlement locations within a small area. While it is well understood that humans often shift their settlements from place to place as part of a subsistence strategy, this research examines mobility as an adaptation to a range of factors not directly related to subsistence, which have affected humans throughout time, including in the present, and space, including in the Americas. While examining mobility's uses beyond subsistence, this research also asks whether otherwise sedentary societies have used lightweight, mobile building methods to adapt to a range of infrequent pressures. A clear understanding of these past adaptations may inform adaptive strategies in the present, whether in terms of house design, settlement planning, or civic organization. The research will involve consultation with members of the present community in which it takes place. The researchers will provide archaeological training to local students, and develop educational materials to distribute through regional schools and museums. The researchers will test ideas about the social effects of the changing climate, hypothesized as "climate refugees" or conflict over scarce resources. Likewise, they will investigate theories about how newly arrived ethnic groups integrate or do not integrate into an indigenous population. They will also test the hypothesis that societies may relocate to take advantage of new access to long-distance trade. Finally, they will test the historical hypothesis that colonial-period diseases spurred the abandonment of settlements. The researchers will use datable ceramics and radiocarbon dating to determine a chronology for the abandoned sites on the islands of Ujir and Wasir in the Aru archipelago, Eastern Indonesia. They will determine the sources of locally produced earthenwares through geochemical analysis, and of porcelain and stoneware from more distant regions through stylistic analysis. By tracking changes in the diversity of ceramic sources over time, the researchers will reconstruct a history of the sites' connections to local and long-distance trade networks. The site chronology and trade history will then be compared to historical records and oral traditions, as well as regional climate proxies. These methods will allow the researchers to infer whether one factor or multiple factors together caused the past communities on Ujir and Wasir to abandon their settlements, in a case study that can inform scholars and members of the public interested in mobility, conflict, climate change, cultural difference, and trade.

位于西雅图的华盛顿大学的考古学家将与印度尼西亚同事合作，调查为什么一些定居社区会在短距离内搬迁。一些社会发展并保留了便于移动的建筑风格，尽管其中的社区往往几代人都呆在同一个地方。研究人员将研究不频繁的短距离流动的潜在原因，包括气候变化，冲突，贸易变化，意识形态变化和流行病，这些可能影响了在小范围内转移定居点的决定。众所周知，人类经常将其住区从一个地方转移到另一个地方，作为生存战略的一部分，本研究将流动性作为对一系列与生存没有直接关系的因素的适应，这些因素在整个时间，包括现在，以及空间，包括在美洲，影响着人类。在研究移动性在生存之外的用途时，这项研究还询问了久坐不动的社会是否使用了轻量级的移动的建筑方法来适应一系列不常见的压力。对这些过去的适应性的清晰理解可以为现在的适应性策略提供信息，无论是在房屋设计，定居规划还是公民组织方面。这项研究将涉及与目前进行研究的社区成员进行协商。研究人员将为当地学生提供考古培训，并开发教育材料，通过地区学校和博物馆分发。研究人员将测试有关气候变化的社会影响的想法，假设为“气候难民”或稀缺资源的冲突。同样，他们将调查关于新来的种族群体如何融入或不融入土著人口的理论。他们还将检验一个假设，即社会可能会搬迁，以利用新的远程贸易机会。最后，他们将检验殖民时期的疾病促使定居点放弃的历史假设。研究人员将使用可测定年代的陶瓷和放射性碳年代测定法来确定印度尼西亚东部阿鲁群岛乌吉尔和瓦西尔岛上废弃遗址的年代。他们将通过地球化学分析确定当地生产的陶器的来源，并通过风格分析确定来自更远地区的瓷器和石器的来源。通过跟踪陶瓷来源的多样性随时间的变化，研究人员将重建遗址与当地和长途贸易网络的联系历史。然后将遗址年表和贸易历史与历史记录和口头传统以及区域气候代理进行比较。这些方法将使研究人员能够推断出是否有一个因素或多个因素共同导致乌吉尔和瓦西尔过去的社区放弃他们的定居点，在一个案例研究中，可以告知学者和公众对流动性，冲突，气候变化，文化差异和贸易感兴趣。