Workshop: Multilingualism, Contact and Documenting Endangered Languages

研讨会：多语言、接触和记录濒危语言

• 批准号: 1748376
• 负责人: Lenore Grenoble
• 金额: $ 3.93万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1748376&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Workshop; Multilingualism; Contact; Documenting; Endangered

Many of the world's languages are understudied and under-described, and we are facing the loss of a great many of them over the course of this century, a situation more generally known as language endangerment. Linguists are currently interested in documenting, describing and analyzing them while there are still speakers who know the languages. The documentation of endangered languages has to date primarily focused on the creation of monolingual documentary corpora, and yet it is well-known that language endangerment is primarily due to shift in the face of language contact, and not due to catastrophic weather, natural disaster or war. This grant supports a workshop to train linguists in documenting language contact and multilingualism, with special focus on endangered languages. The workshop will bring together specialists in the field who have both experience and are using innovative methods, to provide a forum for training and discussion of issues, methodologies, and best practices. Broader impacts include wider development and dissemination of cutting edge methodologies in language documentation, presentations of current research by early career faculty, and the ability to accommodate a significant audience likely to include graduate students and other participants. A particular practical application in better knowledge of multilingual settings is in speech technology, with direct benefits to society as a whole. The communities of speakers of these languages will also benefit from a better understanding of how they use more than one language in their daily lives.The workshop will be held in conjunction with the Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America (the professional society of linguists in the US) in 2019 in New York City, so as to be accessible to a wide range of linguists and students. Linguists need to document language contact in process, to better understand the linguistic processes that take place in the course of language shift, the kinds of language changes that occur, to provide insights into directionality and rates of change, and the roles of linguistic and extra-linguistic factors involved in language shift. Improving scientific methods of documentation has long-term benefits for linguists, anthropologists, other academics and endangered language communities. To improve these methods requires some retraining and refocusing of goals, and one step toward this is a workshop that enables active engagement of the linguistic community in the formulation of these goals. The workshop will result not only in new methodologies for documenting language contact, but will critically help to reshape the kinds of research questions that we presently ask. It will have three basic parts: (1) consideration of the state of multilingualism in endangered language ecologies; (2) a focus on tools and methods for transcribing, annotating, analyzing and presenting multilingual corpora; and (3) the use of experimental methods in documenting and studying language contact in process.

世界上许多语言都被研究和描述不足，在本世纪的过程中，我们面临着其中许多语言，这种情况通常被称为语言危险。语言学家目前有兴趣记录，描述和分析它们，而仍然有讲话者了解这些语言。 濒危语言的文档迄今为止主要集中在创建单语纪录片语料库上，但众所周知，语言危险主要是由于面对语言接触的转变，而不是由于灾难性的天气，自然灾害或战争。该赠款支持一个研讨会，以培训语言学家记录语言联系和多语言主义，并特别关注濒危语言。该研讨会将汇集该领域的专家，他们既有经验又使用创新方法，以提供一个论坛，以培训和讨论问题，方法和最佳实践。更广泛的影响包括在语言文档中进行更广泛的发展和尖端方法的传播，早期职业教师的当前研究表现以及容纳可能包括研究生和其他参与者的重要受众的能力。在更好地了解多语言环境中的特定实际应用是在语音技术中，对整个社会具有直接的好处。这些语言的演讲者社区也将从更好地理解他们在日常生活中如何使用多种语言的方式受益。该讲习班将与2019年在纽约市的美国语言学会（美国语言学会的年度会议）结合在一起，以便与广泛的语言学家和学生可以访问。语言学家需要在过程中记录语言接触，以更好地了解语言转移过程中发生的语言过程，发生的语言变化的种类，提供对方向性和变化率的见解，以及语言和语言因素在语言转移中的作用。 改进的科学文档方法对语言学家，人类学家，其他学者和濒危语言社区具有长期的好处。为了改善这些方法，需要对目标进行一些重新培训和重新调整，而朝着这一目标进行了一步，是一个讲习班，可以使语言界积极参与这些目标。该研讨会不仅会导致记录语言联系的新方法，而且会有助于重塑我们目前提出的各种研究问题。它将有三个基本部分：（1）在濒危语言生态学中考虑多语言状态； （2）关注转录，注释，分析和介绍多语言语料库的工具和方法； （3）在过程中使用实验方法记录和研究语言接触。