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A limiting case of bilingual language identification: the Quichua-Media Lengua lexicon

双语语言识别的一个极限案例：Quichua-Media Lengua 词典

基本信息

批准号：
1749310
负责人：
John Lipski
金额：
$ 24.95万
依托单位：
Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-06-15 至 2022-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1749310&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
limiting case bilingual language identification

项目摘要

How do people who know more than one language recognize which language they are hearing at a given time? And how much of a language must be heard in order to make a positive identification? In most circumstances many features, including sound patterns, grammatical structures, and vocabulary items, simultaneously distinguish the languages and identification is rapid and seemingly effortless. Little is known, however, about the relative contribution of each component, and there are few language combinations that allow for isolating a single feature, with all other factors being equal. Investigating language processing in bilingual speakers is important for testing the limits of bilingualism: what features do speakers use to keep languages apart?This research project examines data from bilingual speakers of Ecuadoran Quichua and the mixed language known as Media Lengua, which consists of Quichua grammatical frames with all word roots replaced by their Spanish counterparts but pronounced as though they were Quichua. Media Lengua is related to Quichua much as Lewis Carroll's poem "Jabberwocky" is related to English, e.g. "'Twas brillig and the slithy toves did gyre and gimble in the wabe"; the difference is that the non-Quichua roots come from another real language, Spanish. Quichua-Media Lengua bilinguals provide a unique environment in which to determine whether speakers maintain separate lexicons (word repositories) for each language or a single word-bank with some sort of language-tagging with accompanying grammatical and phonetic information. The project will employ a variety of techniques to explore the mechanisms that allow for language identification, reactions to language mixing when no grammatical differences intervene, and long-term prospects for mixed languages like Media Lengua. The project will train graduate students in experimental field methods. The project will enhance the value and prestige of less commonly studied and often stigmatized languages and language varieties.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

懂得一种以上语言的人如何识别他们在特定时间听到的是哪种语言？为了做出积极的识别，必须听到多少语言？在大多数情况下，许多特征，包括声音模式、语法结构和词汇项目，可以同时区分语言，并且识别快速且看似毫不费力。然而，我们对每个组件的相对贡献知之甚少，并且很少有语言组合可以在所有其他因素相同的情况下隔离单个功能。研究双语使用者的语言处理对于测试双语的局限性非常重要：说话者使用哪些功能来区分语言？该研究项目检查了厄瓜多尔盖丘亚语和称为 Media Lengua 的混合语言双语使用者的数据，该混合语言由盖丘亚语语法框架组成，所有词根都被其西班牙语对应项替换，但发音就像盖丘亚语一样。 Media Lengua 与 Quichua 的关系就像 Lewis Carroll 的诗《Jabberwocky》与英语的关系一样。 “这真是太棒了，光滑的托夫在瓦贝里旋转和摆动”；不同之处在于，非盖丘亚语的词根来自另一种真正的语言，即西班牙语。 Quichua-Media Lengua 双语者提供了一个独特的环境，可以在其中确定说话者是否为每种语言维护单独的词典（单词存储库）或带有某种语言标记以及附带语法和语音信息的单个词库。该项目将采用多种技术来探索语言识别机制、在没有语法差异的情况下对语言混合的反应，以及 Media Lengua 等混合语言的长期前景。该项目将培训研究生的实验领域方法。该项目将提高较少被研究且经常受到污名化的语言和语言变体的价值和声望。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。