CAREER: Business Taxation and Local Fiscal Policy

国家和国家以下各级的政策制定者不仅必须为不断增长的公共部门提供资金，而且还需要这样做，同时促进增长，并为企业和高收入者提供竞争环境。本研究包括与这些财政政策设计挑战相关的两个方面的研究：营业税和地方财政政策。第一线研究的目标是记录有关美国商业收入和税收的事实，然后制定为设计营业税制度提供参考所需的估计。第二条工作重点是地方财政政策。它调查了州和地方政府一直在做些什么来应对不利的劳动力市场条件，然后建立了一个框架，用于评估在各州希望在面临流动税基的同时提供安全网计划的情况下的政策权衡。这些项目有助于为政策制定者提供信息，并改进经济政策的设计，从而增加数百万人的收入和机会。它还可以鼓励对这些关键领域进行更多的研究。第一条研究路线记录了美国商业收入和税收的事实，然后描述和估计为营业税制度设计提供参考所需的参数。这位调查者首先考察了企业收入增长的原因，自2000年以来，企业收入增长在很大程度上解释了最高收入的增长。调查人员进一步调查了营业税削减如何影响公司业绩和不平等。该项目还评估了投资政策条款、扩大税基和降低公司税率的好处，以及影响创建新的高增长公司的政策。第二条工作重点是应对州和地方财政政策挑战。这项研究调查了州和地方政府一直在采取哪些措施来应对不利的劳动力市场条件，然后建立了一个评估政策权衡的框架，在这种情况下，各州希望提供安全网计划，同时面临着流动的税基。调查人员进一步评估了取消州和地方税减免的公平和效率后果，这与最近在一些地区大幅提高高收入者税率的改革有关。这一裁决反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Policymakers at both the national and sub-national level must not only finance a growing public sector, but they also need to do so while fostering growth and providing a competitive environment for businesses and top earners. This research consists of two lines of research related to these fiscal policy design challenges: business taxation and local fiscal policy. The goal of the first line of research is to document facts on U.S. business income and taxation, and then to develop estimates that are needed to inform the design of the business tax system. The second line of work focuses on local fiscal policy. It investigates what state and local governments have been doing to respond to adverse labor market conditions and then builds a framework for evaluating policy tradeoffs in a setting in which states want to provide safety net programs while facing a mobile tax base. These projects can help inform policymakers and improve the design of economic policy, which can increase incomes and opportunity for millions of people. It can also encourage additional research on these key areas.The first line of research documents facts on U.S. business income and taxation, and then characterizes and estimates parameters needed to inform the design of the business tax system. The investigator first examines the causes of rising business income, which accounts for much of the rise of top incomes since 2000. The investigator further investigates how business tax cuts impact firm performance and inequality. This project also evaluates investment policy provisions, the merits of broadening the tax base and lowering the corporate rate, and policies affecting the creation of new high-growth firms. The second line of work focuses on addressing state and local fiscal policy challenges. This research investigates what state and local governments have been doing to respond to adverse labor market conditions and then builds a framework for evaluating policy tradeoffs in a setting in which states want to provide safety net programs while facing a mobile tax base. The investigator further evaluates the equity and efficiency consequences of eliminating the state and local tax deduction, which is related to recent reforms that substantially raised tax rates on top earners in some locations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.