Exploring submarine slope failures with seismic data and physical laboratory experiments
利用地震数据和物理实验室实验探索海底斜坡破坏
基本信息
- 批准号:1753680
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 29.19万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2018
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2018-05-01 至 2023-04-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Submarine slope failures occur on margins worldwide and can lead to damaging tsunamis both locally and on distant shores. Geophysical data (bathymetric and seismic) from passive continental margins document that these failures range from thin (less than 1 m) to thick (greater than 100 m) units, may have moved 100s of km, and can behave like a fluid or a solid. These analyses combined with numerical models of submarine slope failures suggest the failures are triggered when shallowly buried sediments are perturbed by an external stress such as a change in fluid pressure or earthquake-related shaking. Existing borehole samples and geophysical data provide a snapshot of what the materials look like after failure and numerical models provide predictions of how failures started, yet there is a lack of direct observations of the failure process which affects the final deposits. This project will characterize failure deposits offshore North Carolina using existing data from the North American Margin Community Seismic Experiment. A scaled, physical model with a novel triggering mechanism will be built to create and visualize failure dynamics. The project will advance process-based modeling techniques to incorporate how initial conditions, initiation mechanism, and failure behavior are linked. As part of the broader impacts a graduate student will be trained across multiple disciplines (seismology, sedimentology, geomechanics and engineering) as part of this project. Overall, the project will contribute to society by improving risk assessment for slope failures and tsunami generation along the US coastline. This project will integrate existing field data from the GeoPRISMS-funded Eastern North American Margin Community Seismic Experiment with laboratory and numerical models allowing for a process-based analysis of slope failures that links failure type and dynamics to initial conditions and driving mechanisms including earthquake shaking and fluid pressure changes. Laboratory experiments will provide a control on initial conditions (sediment type and properties), fluid pressures (magnitudes and distribution), and earthquake sources (location and energy) while initiating slope failures and observing failure dynamics. Numerical models will simulate the processes observed in nature and provide a means to link lab-scale experiments with field-scale observations. The project will address the following hypotheses: 1) differences between seismic velocity profiles within submarine slope failure deposits and adjacent, unfailed deposits record different effective stress and strength profiles; 2) effective stress and strength of sediments at the onset of failure impact the slope failure type and mobilization behavior of failed submarine sediments; and 3) slope failure trigger mechanism impacts slope failure dynamics and evolution, which influences their tsunami-generating potential. The overall project objective is to describe and characterize links between failure type, deposits, initial conditions, and driving mechanisms, which will increase the ability to use slope failure deposits in the sedimentary record to evaluate driving mechanisms. This will improve our ability to understand the history and distribution of slope failures and their tsunami potential. The project will also provide constraints on conditions that may produce large tsunami, which can inform risk assessment for slope failure and associated tsunami hazard.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
海底边坡破坏发生在世界各地的边缘,并可能导致当地和遥远海岸的破坏性海啸。被动大陆边的地球物理数据(测深和地震)表明,这些断裂单元从薄(小于1米)到厚(大于100米)不等,可能移动了数百公里,其行为可能像流体或固体。这些分析与海底边坡破坏的数值模型相结合,表明当浅埋沉积物受到外部应力(如流体压力变化或与地震有关的震动)的扰动时,会触发破坏。现有的钻孔样本和地球物理数据提供了材料失效后的外观快照,数值模型提供了失效如何开始的预测,但缺乏对影响最终矿床的失效过程的直接观察。该项目将利用北美边缘社区地震实验的现有数据,描述北卡罗来纳州近海的断层沉积物。将建立一个具有新型触发机制的缩放物理模型,以创建和可视化故障动态。该项目将推进基于过程的建模技术,以结合初始条件,启动机制和故障行为是如何联系在一起的。作为更广泛影响的一部分,研究生将接受多学科(地震学、沉积学、地质力学和工程学)的培训,作为该项目的一部分。总的来说,该项目将通过改善美国海岸线沿着的边坡破坏和海啸发生的风险评估来为社会做出贡献。这一项目将把GeoPRISMS资助的北美东部边缘社区地震实验的现有实地数据与实验室和数值模型相结合,以便对斜坡破坏进行基于过程的分析,将破坏类型和动态与初始条件和驱动机制联系起来,包括地震震动和流体压力变化。实验室实验将提供对初始条件(沉积物类型和性质)、流体压力(大小和分布)和地震源(位置和能量)的控制,同时启动边坡破坏并观察破坏动力学。数值模型将模拟在自然界中观察到的过程,并提供一种手段,将实验室规模的实验与实地规模的观察联系起来。该项目将讨论以下假设:1)海底斜坡破坏沉积物和邻近未破坏沉积物中地震速度剖面的差异记录了不同的有效应力和强度剖面; 2)破坏开始时沉积物的有效应力和强度影响斜坡破坏类型和破坏海底沉积物的活化行为;边坡失稳的触发机制影响着边坡失稳的动力学和演化规律,进而影响着其引发海啸的潜力。该项目的总体目标是描述和表征破坏类型、沉积物、初始条件和驱动机制之间的联系,这将提高利用沉积记录中的边坡破坏沉积物评估驱动机制的能力。这将提高我们的能力,了解历史和分布的斜坡故障和海啸的潜力。该项目还将对可能产生大海啸的条件提供限制,这可以为边坡破坏和相关海啸灾害的风险评估提供信息。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(2)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Cohesion, permeability, and slope failure dynamics: Implications for failure morphology and tsunamigenesis from benchtop flume experiments
- DOI:10.1016/j.margeo.2023.107079
- 发表时间:2023-08
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.9
- 作者:M. Silver;B. Dugan
- 通讯作者:M. Silver;B. Dugan
The influence of clay content on submarine slope failure: insights from laboratory experiments and numerical models
粘土含量对海底边坡破坏的影响:来自实验室实验和数值模型的见解
- DOI:10.1144/sp500-2019-186
- 发表时间:2020
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Silver, M. M.;Dugan, B.
- 通讯作者:Dugan, B.
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Brandon Dugan其他文献
Sedimentation Controls on Methane‐Hydrate Dynamics Across Glacial/Interglacial Stages: An Example From International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1517, Hikurangi Margin
冰期/间冰期甲烷水合物动力学的沉积控制:国际海洋发现计划站点 U1517(希库朗吉边缘)的示例
- DOI:
10.1029/2019gc008603 - 发表时间:
2019 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.7
- 作者:
E. Screaton;Marta Torres;Brandon Dugan;K. Heeschen;J. Mountjoy;C. Ayres;P. Rose;I. Pecher;P. Barnes;L. Levay - 通讯作者:
L. Levay
中央ネパール高ヒマラヤ片麻岩類のザクロ石に包有されるナノ花崗岩包有物.
尼泊尔中部高喜马拉雅片麻岩石榴石中的纳米花岗岩包裹体。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2017 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Yasuhiro Yamada;Brandon Dugan;Takehiro Hirose;Saneatsu Saito;河上哲生・酒井治孝・佐藤活志 - 通讯作者:
河上哲生・酒井治孝・佐藤活志
Improving Risk Assessment of Subaqueous Landslides and Tsunami Generation by Understanding the Roles of Pore Pressure and Sediment Cohesion
通过了解孔隙压力和沉积物粘聚力的作用,改进水下滑坡和海啸发生的风险评估
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Maxwell M. W. Silver;Elizabeth Reddy;Brandon Dugan - 通讯作者:
Brandon Dugan
Access to Deep Subseafloor Science
了解海底深处科学
- DOI:
10.5670/oceanog.2019.127 - 发表时间:
2019 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.8
- 作者:
Yasuhiro Yamada;Brandon Dugan;Takehiro Hirose;Saneatsu Saito - 通讯作者:
Saneatsu Saito
Wildfire Progression Time Series Mapping With Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR)
使用干涉合成孔径雷达 (InSAR) 绘制野火进展时间序列图
- DOI:
10.1109/lgrs.2024.3365994 - 发表时间:
2024 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.8
- 作者:
R. Michaelides;Matthew R. Siegfried;Jonathan Lovekin;Karen Berry;Brandon Dugan;Danica L. Roth - 通讯作者:
Danica L. Roth
Brandon Dugan的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Brandon Dugan', 18)}}的其他基金
Seismic and Hydrostratigraphic Characterization of the Onshore-Offshore Freshwater Systems of Martha’s Vineyard and Nantucket, Massachusetts, USA
美国马萨诸塞州玛莎葡萄园岛和楠塔基特陆上-海上淡水系统的地震和水文地层特征
- 批准号:
2052794 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 29.19万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: A community seismic experiment targeting the pre-, syn-, and post-rift evolution of the Mid Atlantic US margin
合作研究:针对美国大西洋中部边缘裂谷前、同裂谷和裂谷后演化的社区地震实验
- 批准号:
1348228 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 29.19万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Stratigraphic Controls on Freshwater Beneath the Continental Shelf
合作研究:大陆架下淡水的地层控制
- 批准号:
0824368 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 29.19万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
相似海外基金
Submarine slope failure due to shallow-type methane hydrate dissociation: a case of a submarine slide in the offshore of San'in region
浅层甲烷水合物解离引起的海底斜坡失稳——以山阴地区近海海底滑坡为例
- 批准号:
19K03994 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 29.19万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
The mechanisms of submarine slope failures due to earthquakes and the resulting turbidity currents
地震引起的海底边坡破坏机制及其产生的浊流
- 批准号:
19H02242 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 29.19万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
The impact of numerous submarine canyons on upwelling of deep/slope water onto the continental shelf.
众多海底峡谷对深水/斜坡水上涌到大陆架的影响。
- 批准号:
517733-2017 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 29.19万 - 项目类别:
Banting Postdoctoral Fellowships Tri-council
The impact of numerous submarine canyons on upwelling of deep/slope water onto the continental shelf.
众多海底峡谷对深水/斜坡水上涌到大陆架的影响。
- 批准号:
517733-2017 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 29.19万 - 项目类别:
Banting Postdoctoral Fellowships Tri-council
Influence of gassy soils and gas hydrates on submarine slope failure
含气土壤和天然气水合物对海底边坡破坏的影响
- 批准号:
238267-2006 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 29.19万 - 项目类别:
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Numerical Constraints on the Causes and Processes of Submarine Slope Failure along Active, Passive, and Volcanic Margins
主动、被动和火山边缘海底斜坡破坏原因和过程的数值约束
- 批准号:
0851525 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 29.19万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Influence of gassy soils and gas hydrates on submarine slope failure
含气土壤和天然气水合物对海底边坡破坏的影响
- 批准号:
238267-2006 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 29.19万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Influence of gassy soils and gas hydrates on submarine slope failure
含气土壤和天然气水合物对海底边坡破坏的影响
- 批准号:
238267-2006 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 29.19万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Influence of gassy soils and gas hydrates on submarine slope failure
含气土壤和天然气水合物对海底边坡破坏的影响
- 批准号:
238267-2006 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 29.19万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Influence of gassy soils and gas hydrates on submarine slope failure
含气土壤和天然气水合物对海底边坡破坏的影响
- 批准号:
238267-2006 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 29.19万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual