ARTS: COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: North American camel spiders (Arachnida, Solifugae, Eremobatidae): systematic revision and biogeography of an understudied taxon

艺术：合作研究：北美骆驼蜘蛛（Arachnida、Solifugae、Eremobatidae）：一个正在研究的分类单元的系统修订和生物地理学

基本信息

批准号：
1754030
负责人：
Matthew Graham
金额：
$ 53.72万
依托单位：
Eastern Connecticut State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-01 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1754030&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
ARTS COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH North American

项目摘要

Camel spiders, also known as wind scorpions or solifuges, are an important group of arachnids found in fragile, often threatened desert ecosystems. They are dominant predators of insects and other arthropods in arid habitats and are also important prey for many desert species. Solifuges are notoriously difficult to study since they are hard to find and collect, nearly impossible to keep alive in the lab, and challenging to identify. Contrary to their name, they are not true spiders and do not build webs but represent a unique arachnid group with over 1,100 species known worldwide. With only a few scientists studying any aspect of their biology, there is a pressing need to train a new generation of scientists devoted to the biology of this diverse group. This project will revolutionize the study of this component of the planet's biodiversity by training young biologists, including high school students, undergraduates, graduate students, and a postdoctoral scholar. They will use state-of-the-art molecular tools to better understand the evolutionary relationships among species in the most common and diverse group of camel spiders in North America, the Eremobatidae. Another goal of the project is to use camel spiders as a model system to explore how Earth history events have influenced the evolution and assembly of species in desert communities. This grant leverages the only remaining expertise on North American camel spiders to excite a new generation of scientists who will move this field forward. An innovative and interactive online identification guide, the Camel Spiders of North America, will be developed to enable scientists, naturalists, educators, and others to identify and learn about these little-known animals. The guide will provide a resource for a broad audience and will support the development and expansion of an informative new website on camel spider biology (www.solifugae.info).This project addresses the systematic and taxonomic impediments in the study of camel spiders by using existing expertise to train students in cutting-edge phylogenomic, biogeographic, and taxonomic methodology. A recently published multi-locus phylogeny of one of the largest families of camel spiders, the Eremobatidae, will provide a starting point for a more thorough analysis using targeted enrichment of ultraconserved elements, along with novel and underexplored morphological characters thought to be taxonomically informative. Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) will be used to generate genome-wide SNP data for the very first phylogeographic analyses of camel spiders by examining two well-defined species groups. Extensive fieldwork carried out as part of this project, particularly in the Chihuahuan Desert, Baja California peninsula, and California Coast Ranges, will undoubtedly reveal many new species in this family, greatly enhancing the understanding of arachnid diversity present in these under-explored arid ecosystems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

骆驼蜘蛛（也称为风蝎子或溶羊膜）是在脆弱的，经常受到威胁的沙漠生态系统中发现的一组重要的蜘蛛。它们是干旱栖息地中昆虫和其他节肢动物的主要捕食者，也是许多沙漠物种的重要猎物。众所周知，由于很难找到和收集溶液，因此很难研究，几乎不可能在实验室中保持活力，并且具有挑战性。与他们的名字相反，它们不是真正的蜘蛛，也不是建立网络，而是一个独特的蜘蛛群，该群体在全球范围内已知有1,100多种。只有少数科学家研究其生物学的任何方面，因此有必要培训新一代的科学家，专门研究这个多元化群体的生物学。该项目将通过培训包括高中生，本科生，研究生和博士后学者在内的年轻生物学家来彻底改变对地球生物多样性的研究。他们将使用最先进的分子工具来更好地了解北美最常见和多样化的骆驼蜘蛛（Eremobatidae）中物种之间的进化关系。该项目的另一个目标是使用骆驼蜘蛛作为模型系统，以探索地球历史事件如何影响沙漠社区中物种的进化和组装。这项赠款利用北美骆驼蜘蛛唯一剩下的专业知识来激发新一代的科学家，这些科学家将向前进。将开发一项创新且互动的在线标识指南，即北美的骆驼蜘蛛，以使科学家，博物学家，教育者和其他人能够确定和了解这些鲜为人知的动物。该指南将为广泛的受众提供资源，并将支持有关骆驼蜘蛛生物学的新网站的开发和扩展（www.solifugae.info）。该项目通过利用现有专业知识来培训学生对尖端的生理学，生物地理学，和分类学方法论来培训骆驼蜘蛛的系统和分类障碍。最近发表的最大骆驼蜘蛛一家家族的多级系统发育，Eremobatidae将提供一个更全面分析的起点，使用超保守元素的有针对性的富集，以及新颖且不受欢迎的形态特征被认为是分类性的。限制性位点相关的DNA测序（RADSEQ）将通过检查两个定义明确的物种组来生成全基因组SNP数据，以进行骆驼蜘蛛的第一个植物地理分析。作为该项目的一部分进行的广泛野外工作，特别是在奇瓦瓦沙漠，巴哈加利福尼亚半岛和加利福尼亚海岸的范围内，无疑会揭示该家族中的许多新物种，从而极大地增强了对这些不足的ARID生态系统中对NSF的基础的理解，并通过评估NSF的宣传奖，并以此为基础。更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Restriction enzyme optimization for RADseq with camel spiders (Arachnida: Solifugae)

DOI：
10.1636/joa-s-20-040
发表时间：
2021-02
期刊：
The Journal of Arachnology
影响因子：
0
作者：
C. E. Santibáñez-López;Keaka Farleigh;Paula E. Cushing;M. R. Graham
通讯作者：
C. E. Santibáñez-López;Keaka Farleigh;Paula E. Cushing;M. R. Graham

Home on the range: a pilot study on solifuge (Solifugae: Eremobatidae) site fidelity at Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge

牧场之家：落基山阿森纳国家野生动物保护区 solifugae（Solifugae：Eremobatidae）场地保真度的试点研究

DOI：
10.1636/joa-s-20-094
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
The Journal of Arachnology
影响因子：
0
作者：
Jones, R. Ryan;Batista-Perales, Diana L.;Garcia, Erika L.
通讯作者：
Garcia, Erika L.

Hadrurid Scorpion Toxins: Evolutionary Conservation and Selective Pressures

哈德鲁里德蝎子毒素：进化保守和选择压力

DOI：
10.3390/toxins11110637
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Toxins
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Santibáñez-López, Carlos E.;Graham, Matthew R.;Sharma, Prashant P.;Ortiz, Ernesto;Possani, Lourival D.
通讯作者：
Possani, Lourival D.

An assessment of function, intraspecific variation, and taxonomic reliability of eremobatid ctenidia (Arachnida: Solifugae)

对 eremobatid ctenidia（蛛形纲：Solifugae）的功能、种内变异和分类可靠性的评估