Collaborative Research: RUI: Effects of N and P deposition on stoichiometry, structure, and function of whole-aquatic ecosystems (Bromeliaceae and Sarraceniaceae)

合作研究：RUI：氮和磷沉降对整个水生生态系统（凤梨科和瓶子草科）的化学计量、结构和功能的影响

• 批准号: 1754326
• 负责人: Angelica Gonzalez
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University Camden
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1754326&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RUI; Effects; deposition

Human activity has more than doubled global nitrogen and phosphorus input to the biosphere. Nitrogen loading from fossil fuels and fertilizer is much larger in North America and Europe than in the Southern Hemisphere. Phosphorus loading comes mostly from agriculture. It is smaller in the Northern Hemisphere, but especially important in the tropics. In tropical forests of Central America and Asia, however, nitrogen input is increasing and will continue to do so in coming decades. Changes in the input of these critically important elements are profoundly changing ecosystem structure and function. Ecosystem responses to these changes remain poorly understood. This project will fill this knowledge gap by studying the miniature ecosystems that exist within pitcher plants. These plants are widely distributed across the tropics. They are useful as model environments to study the effects of changes in nitrogen and phosphorus inputs on ecosystem structure and function. This research will use pitcher plants to advance our understanding of ecosystem responses to environmental changes. Results of this work will inform management of ecosystems subject to changing nitrogen and phosphorus loading. It will also train graduate and undergraduate students, and will engage large numbers of high school students in the scientific process. This study will quantify elemental patterns by conducting standardized field surveys of phytotelmata ecosystems across large geographical gradients of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deposition. Leaves of tank bromeliads and pitcher plants form compartments that fill with rainwater. These compartments capture leaf litter and arthropod prey, which provide the energy to support a persistent food web of invertebrates. These systems provide an opportunity to test for nutrient deposition effects on the standing stocks and fluxes of nutrients for the whole ecosystem and within different ecosystem sub-modules (e.g., bromeliad and pitcher tissue, periphyton, water, and macroinvertebrates). This study will reveal whether whole-ecosystem stoichiometry reflects local availability of N and P, or whether stoichiometric ratios are buffered across deposition gradients. Overall, the well-defined aquatic habitats created by phytotelmata and their broad geographic distribution allow the researchers to examine large-scale patterns of diversity, stoichiometry, and ecosystem function in a relatively invariant habitat. This research will give insight into the geography of N and P within and across replicated whole ecosystems. It will also test the ecosystem-level consequences of increased nutrient inputs at scales difficult or impossible to achieve in more traditional aquatic habitats.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

人类活动使全球输入生物圈的氮和磷增加了一倍多。来自化石燃料和化肥的氮负荷在北美和欧洲比在南半球大得多。磷负荷主要来自农业。它在北方半球较小，但在热带地区特别重要。然而，在中美洲和亚洲的热带森林中，氮的输入正在增加，并将在未来几十年继续增加。这些至关重要的要素投入的变化正在深刻地改变生态系统的结构和功能。生态系统对这些变化的反应仍然知之甚少。该项目将通过研究猪笼草中存在的微型生态系统来填补这一知识空白。这些植物广泛分布于热带地区。它们可作为研究氮磷输入变化对生态系统结构和功能影响的模式环境。这项研究将利用猪笼草来促进我们对生态系统对环境变化的反应的理解。这项工作的结果将为受氮和磷负荷变化影响的生态系统的管理提供信息。它还将培训研究生和本科生，并将使大量高中生参与科学进程。这项研究将量化元素模式进行标准化实地调查的phytotelmata生态系统在大的地理梯度的氮（N）和磷（P）的沉积。盆栽凤梨和猪笼草的叶子形成了充满雨水的隔间。这些隔间捕获落叶和节肢动物猎物，提供能量来支持无脊椎动物的持久食物网。这些系统提供了一个机会，可以测试整个生态系统和不同生态系统子模块（例如，凤梨和猪笼草组织、附生生物、水和大型无脊椎动物）。这项研究将揭示整个生态系统的化学计量是否反映了当地的N和P的可用性，或化学计量比是否缓冲跨沉积梯度。总的来说，由phytotelmata及其广泛的地理分布创造的明确的水生栖息地使研究人员能够在相对不变的栖息地中研究大规模的多样性，化学计量和生态系统功能模式。这项研究将深入了解复制的整个生态系统内和之间的N和P的地理。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

The contribution of autochthonous resource to the diet of aquatic consumers is unrelated to its spatial distribution in tank bromeliads

原生资源对水生消费者饮食的贡献与其在罐中凤梨科植物中的空间分布无关

• DOI: 10.1086/718630
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Freshwater Science
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Leal, Juliana S.;González, Angélica L.;Paulo, Rhuana C.;Farjalla, Vinicius F.
• 通讯作者: Farjalla, Vinicius F.

Global and local drivers of the relative importance of allochthonous and autochthonous energy sources to freshwater food webs

• DOI: 10.1111/ecog.06612
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Ecography
• 影响因子: 5.9
• 作者: Juliana S. Leal;Angélica L. González;B. Soares;Clarice Casa Nova;Nicholas A. C. Marino;V. Farjalla