REU Site: Research Experience for Undergraduates in High Efficiency Computing

信息技术（IT）系统的范围从小型嵌入式系统（如智能手机）到大型计算机设施（如数据中心）。无论大小，IT系统都按比例使用大量能源。它们也浪费了很多，比如更短的电池寿命或更高的数据中心运营成本，因此提高它们的效率满足了国家的关键需求。该项目的目标是通过以下方式提出提高IT系统能源效率的解决方案：1)培养训练有素的学生劳动力；2)提出能够减少能源消耗和损失的新技术和方法。本课程将介绍如何将电源优化技术应用于资讯科技系统。目标人群是代表性不足的学生和那些来自不提供博士学位的机构的学生。除了印第安纳大学普渡大学印第安纳波利斯分校（IUPUI）教师的学术指导外，该项目还包括来自工业界的导师。传统上，IT课程是根据关注参数的学科开发的，比如性能和运行时优化。很少或根本没有关注实现能源效率和消费阈值，特别是从软件和算法的角度。该项目将为本科生提供原创经验和独特机会，研究降低IT系统能耗和损耗的创新策略。除了所选学生职业道路的潜在变化之外，该项目还建议如何影响电气和计算机工程课程，以便将能源效率纳入硬件和软件课程。该项目将展示在IT系统内减少能源消耗和损失的新方法，这可以通过多学科方法来完成。主题将从硬件到软件解决方案，效率是主要的优点。传统上，多电压多频率（MVMF）被用于降低计算系统的能耗。本课题提出MVMF2，它不仅可以动态改变计算机时钟频率，还可以动态改变电源开关频率，进一步降低损耗。虽然MVMF2被认为是由软件管理的硬件优化，但第二个研究主题-基于新型电源转换器设计的更高效率电源-纯粹是硬件解决方案。第三和第四个研究课题分别是在高存储需求应用和处理大矩阵乘法中降低能耗的软件解决方案。第五个研究课题涉及无线物联网设备的节能技术，通过建模和优化节能模式，如降低功耗运行，周期性睡眠等。

Information Technology (IT) systems range from small embedded systems such as smartphones to large computer facilities such as data centers. Whether small or large, IT systems proportionately use lots of energy. They also waste a lot, as in shorter battery life or higher data-center operating costs, so improving their efficiency fulfills a critical national need. The objective of this project is to propose solutions to increase energy efficiency in IT systems by: 1) developing a well-trained student workforce, and 2) proposing new techniques and approaches capable of reducing energy consumption and losses. Students will be introduced to the research area of applying power optimization techniques to IT systems. The target populations are underrepresented students and those from institutions that do not offer PhDs. In addition to academic mentoring by Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) faculty, this project includes mentors from industry.Traditionally, IT curricula have been developed with disciplines that focus on parameters, such as performance and runtime optimization. Little or no attention has been devoted to achieving energy efficiency and consumption thresholds, especially from the software and algorithmic perspectives. This project will provide original experiences and singular opportunities for undergraduate students to work on innovative strategies to reduce energy consumption and losses in IT systems. In addition to the potential change in the career paths of the selected students, this project suggests how the electrical and computer engineering curricula can be impacted to incorporate energy efficiency in both hardware and software curricula.This project will demonstrate novel methodologies in reducing energy consumption and losses within IT systems, which can be accomplished with a multidisciplinary approach. Topics will range from hardware to software solutions with efficiency as the main figure of merit. Traditionally, Multiple-Voltage Multiple-Frequency (MVMF) has been used to reduce energy consumption in computing systems. This project proposes MVMF2, which not only dynamically changes the computer clock frequency, but also dynamically changes power supply switching frequency for further loss reduction. While MVMF2 is considered a hardware optimization managed by software, the second research topic - a higher efficiency power supply based on a new power converter design - is purely a hardware solution. The third and fourth research topics are software solutions to reduce energy consumption in high memory demand applications and processing big matrix multiplication, respectively. The fifth research topic deals with energy consumption reduction techniques in wireless Internet of Things devices by modeling and optimizing power saving modes, such as reduced power operation, cyclical sleep, among others.