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Atmospheric Chemistry of Bioaerosols

生物气溶胶的大气化学

基本信息

批准号：
1760328
负责人：
Andrey Khlystov
金额：
$ 49.5万
依托单位：
Nevada System of Higher Education, Desert Research Institute
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-06-01 至 2023-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1760328&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Atmospheric Chemistry Bioaerosols

项目摘要

This project is focused on characterizing biological aerosol particles or bioaerosols (e.g. fungi, bacteria and pollen) in the atmosphere. Bioaerosols affect the physical and chemical properties of atmospheric aerosols and play a crucial role in various climate-relevant atmospheric processes, such as the formation of cloud and ice nuclei. This study will improve understanding of the atmospheric chemistry of bioaerosols as well as yield insights on the parameterization of bioaerosols in regional and global climate models.The study will address the following questions: (1) What is the chemical composition of atmospherically-relevant biological species (fungi, bacteria and pollen)? (2) How do bioaerosols affect atmospheric aerosol mass? (3) How do chemical properties of bioaerosols change as they age in the atmosphere? The analyses will determine chemical composition and changes due to photo-chemical aging using an oxidation flow reactor. Collected ambient bioaerosol samples will be analyzed for biological constituents using high-resolution microscopy and DNA sequence-based techniques, while organic compounds will be quantitatively analyzed using analytical techniques to identify tracer compounds representing primary and oxidized bioaerosol compounds.Project results will help: (i) identify organic tracers specific for bioaerosol genera, (ii) determine the contribution of bioaerosols as well as primary and aged organic compounds to atmospheric organic molecular composition, and (iii) obtain source profiles for bioaerosols to be used in Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) receptor modeling.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个项目的重点是表征大气中的生物气溶胶颗粒或生物气溶胶（如真菌、细菌和花粉）。生物气溶胶影响大气气溶胶的物理和化学性质，并在各种与气候有关的大气过程中发挥关键作用，例如云和冰核的形成。这项研究将提高对生物气溶胶大气化学的理解，并对区域和全球气候模式中生物气溶胶的参数化产生见解。该研究将解决以下问题：(1)与大气相关的生物物种（真菌、细菌和花粉）的化学成分是什么？(2)生物气溶胶如何影响大气气溶胶质量？(3)随着生物气溶胶在大气中的老化，其化学性质是如何变化的？分析将确定化学成分和变化，由于光化学老化使用氧化流反应器。收集的环境生物气溶胶样品将使用高分辨率显微镜和基于DNA序列的技术分析生物成分，而有机化合物将使用分析技术进行定量分析，以确定代表初级和氧化生物气溶胶化合物的示踪化合物。项目结果将有助于：(i)确定生物气溶胶属特有的有机示踪剂，（ii）确定生物气溶胶以及初级和老化有机化合物对大气有机分子组成的贡献，以及（iii）获得用于化学质量平衡（CMB）受体建模的生物气溶胶的来源概况。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。