Evacuation mobilization, coordination, and decision making in the context of companion animals for Hurricanes Harvey and Irma

飓风哈维和艾玛中伴侣动物的疏散动员、协调和决策

• 批准号: 1760447
• 负责人: Sarah DeYoung
• 金额: $ 9.41万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-10-15 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1760447&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Evacuation; mobilization; coordination; decision; making

During hurricanes, residents continue to refuse mandatory evacuation orders because of their pets. In other cases, evacuees leave animals behind. Both of these issues are a problem for emergency managers and households because both scenarios can lead to loss of life, considerable distress among pet owners, and logistic challenges for first responders and shelter coordinators. The PETS Act (2006) was designed to solve some of these problems, especially as they were highlighted after Hurricane Katrina. During Hurricane Matthew -- and more recently with Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, however, the evacuation of people and their companion animals still presents on-going challenges. Communication about pet-friendly sheltering, the distance and resources required to travel to these locations, and time spent preparing for evacuation with animals all present significant evacuation barriers to residents. This project explores the strategies used by groups amidst Hurricanes Harvey and Irma that resulted in the successful and timely evacuation of companion animals and also explains the ways in which residents made decisions based on their animals. The benefit of this research is through the potential to enhance evacuations by identifying "best practices" for stakeholders managing pets. The researchers may also uncover issues related to social vulnerability, organizational coordination, quick response fieldwork strategies, and other aspects of the research that could be considered important for methodological advances in disaster research and the broader body of knowledge on disasters.Companion animals are connected to human residents and families. When people refuse or delay evacuation because of their pets, this may lead to loss of life. Therefore, improving evacuation compliance levels associated with the management of pets is a matter of risk reduction. Situated in the broader work on evacuation, disaster policy, and protective action, the three main purposes of this project are to: 1) expand the definition of Focusing Events Theory through group mobilization after policy change in the context of the PETS Act 2) identify and measure the protective action aspects of pets and evacuation from an evacuee perspective, and 3) to use the theoretical model components to create tangible strategies for improved evacuation of companion animals and evacuees. The data from the project involve mixed-methods and are collected in areas heavily impacted by Harvey and Irma in Texas and Florida. Qualitative data ensure the richness of narratives connected to the evacuation decision making surrounding pets, while the quantitative data ensure that the research variables can be measured in multivariate statistical analyses. Results are disseminated to emergency managers and other groups working with understanding and managing and helping people and their companion animals in disasters.

在飓风期间，居民们继续因为他们的宠物而拒绝强制撤离命令。在其他情况下，撤离者留下了动物。对于应急管理人员和家庭来说，这两个问题都是一个问题，因为这两种情况都可能导致生命损失，使宠物主人感到相当痛苦，并给急救人员和避难所协调员带来后勤挑战。《宠物法案》（2006年）就是为了解决其中的一些问题而设计的，尤其是在卡特里娜飓风之后，这些问题更加突出。然而，在飓风马修期间，以及最近的飓风哈维和伊尔玛期间，疏散人和他们的伴侣动物仍然面临着持续的挑战。关于宠物友好避难所的沟通，前往这些地点所需的距离和资源，以及准备与动物一起疏散所花费的时间，都对居民造成了重大的疏散障碍。该项目探讨了在哈维和伊尔玛飓风中，人们成功和及时疏散同伴动物的策略，并解释了居民根据他们的动物做出决定的方式。这项研究的好处在于，通过确定管理宠物的利益相关者的“最佳做法”，有可能加强疏散。研究人员还可能发现与社会脆弱性、组织协调、快速反应实地工作策略和其他研究方面有关的问题，这些问题可能被认为对灾害研究的方法进步和更广泛的灾害知识体系很重要。伴侣动物与人类居民和家庭有联系。当人们因为他们的宠物而拒绝或延迟撤离时，这可能会导致生命损失。因此，提高与宠物管理相关的疏散合规水平是一个降低风险的问题。在疏散、灾害政策和保护行动等更广泛的工作中，本项目的三个主要目的是：1)在《宠物法案》的背景下，通过政策变化后的群体动员扩大聚焦事件理论的定义；2)从撤离者的角度识别和衡量宠物和疏散的保护行动方面；3)使用理论模型组件创建切实的策略，以改善伴侣动物和撤离者的疏散。该项目的数据采用混合方法，在德克萨斯州和佛罗里达州受哈维和伊尔玛严重影响的地区收集。定性数据确保了与宠物周围疏散决策相关的叙述的丰富性，而定量数据确保了研究变量可以在多变量统计分析中测量。将结果分发给应急管理人员和其他致力于了解、管理和帮助灾害中的人及其伴侣动物的团体。