Evacuation mobilization, coordination, and decision making in the context of companion animals for Hurricanes Harvey and Irma

在飓风期间，居民继续拒绝强制撤离命令，因为他们的宠物。在其他情况下，撤离者留下动物。这两个问题都是应急管理人员和家庭的问题，因为这两种情况都可能导致生命损失，宠物主人的巨大痛苦，以及急救人员和避难所协调员的后勤挑战。PETS法案（2006年）旨在解决其中的一些问题，特别是在卡特里娜飓风之后，这些问题更加突出。然而，在飓风马修期间，以及最近的飓风哈维和厄玛期间，人们及其伴侣动物的疏散仍然面临着持续的挑战。关于宠物友好型避难所的沟通，前往这些地点所需的距离和资源，以及准备疏散动物所花费的时间，都给居民带来了重大的疏散障碍。该项目探讨了在飓风哈维和厄玛中，导致伴侣动物成功及时撤离的群体所使用的策略，并解释了居民根据他们的动物做出决定的方式。这项研究的好处是通过为管理宠物的利益相关者确定“最佳做法”来加强疏散的潜力。研究人员还可能发现与社会脆弱性、组织协调、快速反应实地工作策略以及其他研究方面有关的问题，这些问题可能对灾害研究的方法进步和更广泛的灾害知识体系至关重要。伴侣动物与人类居民和家庭有联系。当人们因为他们的宠物而拒绝或延迟疏散时，这可能会导致生命损失。因此，提高与宠物管理相关的疏散合规水平是降低风险的问题。在疏散、灾害政策和保护行动等更广泛的工作中，该项目的三个主要目的是：1）在PETS法案的背景下，通过政策变化后的群体动员来扩展焦点事件理论的定义2）从疏散者的角度识别和测量宠物和疏散的保护行动方面，以及3）使用理论模型组件来创建改善伴侣动物和被疏散者的疏散的切实策略。该项目的数据涉及混合方法，并在德克萨斯州和佛罗里达受哈维和伊尔玛严重影响的地区收集。定性数据确保了与宠物周围的疏散决策相关的叙述的丰富性，而定量数据确保了研究变量可以在多变量统计分析中进行测量。研究结果将分发给应急管理人员和其他从事了解、管理和帮助灾害中的人及其伴侣动物的团体。

During hurricanes, residents continue to refuse mandatory evacuation orders because of their pets. In other cases, evacuees leave animals behind. Both of these issues are a problem for emergency managers and households because both scenarios can lead to loss of life, considerable distress among pet owners, and logistic challenges for first responders and shelter coordinators. The PETS Act (2006) was designed to solve some of these problems, especially as they were highlighted after Hurricane Katrina. During Hurricane Matthew -- and more recently with Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, however, the evacuation of people and their companion animals still presents on-going challenges. Communication about pet-friendly sheltering, the distance and resources required to travel to these locations, and time spent preparing for evacuation with animals all present significant evacuation barriers to residents. This project explores the strategies used by groups amidst Hurricanes Harvey and Irma that resulted in the successful and timely evacuation of companion animals and also explains the ways in which residents made decisions based on their animals. The benefit of this research is through the potential to enhance evacuations by identifying "best practices" for stakeholders managing pets. The researchers may also uncover issues related to social vulnerability, organizational coordination, quick response fieldwork strategies, and other aspects of the research that could be considered important for methodological advances in disaster research and the broader body of knowledge on disasters.Companion animals are connected to human residents and families. When people refuse or delay evacuation because of their pets, this may lead to loss of life. Therefore, improving evacuation compliance levels associated with the management of pets is a matter of risk reduction. Situated in the broader work on evacuation, disaster policy, and protective action, the three main purposes of this project are to: 1) expand the definition of Focusing Events Theory through group mobilization after policy change in the context of the PETS Act 2) identify and measure the protective action aspects of pets and evacuation from an evacuee perspective, and 3) to use the theoretical model components to create tangible strategies for improved evacuation of companion animals and evacuees. The data from the project involve mixed-methods and are collected in areas heavily impacted by Harvey and Irma in Texas and Florida. Qualitative data ensure the richness of narratives connected to the evacuation decision making surrounding pets, while the quantitative data ensure that the research variables can be measured in multivariate statistical analyses. Results are disseminated to emergency managers and other groups working with understanding and managing and helping people and their companion animals in disasters.