Collaborative Research: RAPID-HARVEY: Response of plankton assemblages and trophodynamics to a historic, hurricane-induced floodwater plume in a subtropical, pelagic environment

合作研究：RAPID-HARVEY：浮游生物组合和营养动力学对亚热带远洋环境中历史性飓风引发的洪水羽流的响应

基本信息

批准号：
1760674
负责人：
Simon Geist
金额：
$ 5.04万
依托单位：
Texas A&M University Corpus Christi
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-12-01 至 2019-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1760674&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research RAPID HARVEY Response

项目摘要

This project will examine how plankton in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico respond to large floodwater plumes generated by extreme weather events like Hurricane Harvey at time scales relevant to its development and evolution (days to months). The goal is to understand how the timing, magnitude, and constituent loads of a massive pulse of freshwater to the Louisiana-Texas shelf are: (1) driving changes in phytoplankton, zooplankton, and larval fish communities and distributions over monthly, seasonal, and annual time scales and, (2) what the consequences of those changes are to food web interactions within the plankton. The timing of Hurricane Harvey flood water disturbance coincides with the summer-fall spawning seasons for economically important Gulf of Mexico fisheries (e.g. red drum, sea trouts, snappers), raising additional questions of longer term effects of food web disruptions on recruitment. This project will train two undergraduate students and four PhD-level graduate students across three institutions, as well as support three early-career investigators. Pre- and post-floodwater plume data and samples will be shared with the broader scientific community within one year of collection to facilitate their immediate use by scientists beyond the research team. The team will give coordinated public talks at established regional science communication series and through other existing regional outreach partnerships to extend the educational scope of the project. Finally, results from this research will be incorporated in course curriculum and shared through scientific presentations and publications in peer-reviewed journals.Record-breaking rain delivered by Hurricane Harvey to Southeast Texas in late August 2017 has resulted in a massive floodwater plume being delivered to coastal waters in the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). This project will investigate the short- and mid-term effects of that plume on planktonic (from pico- to ichthyoplankton) community composition and trophic interactions in that system. Building on data collected in July 2017 during a GOM Ecosystems and Carbon Cycle (GOMECC-3) cruise, and from historical datasets in the region, plankton assemblages, abundance, and food web interactions will assessed during three research cruises 2, 4, and 8 months after the event. Oceanographic data and samples will be collected and processed using standard and state of the art gear, including ZooScan, FlowCAM, flow cytometry, and next generation sequencing. Onboard micro- and mesozooplankton grazing experiments will be conducted to understand the trophodynamic interactions and relationships between different plankton groups under changing environmental conditions. Diet and growth rate analyses of larval fish will be undertaken and related to phyto- and zooplankton (i.e. prey) abundance and community composition data. Application of the same gear types and methods during the three project cruises will ensure comparability of these new data to existing samples and datasets. These post-Harvey data will be compared to immediately-preceding and long-term data collected in the area by NOAA's Southeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program (SEAMAP), allowing for investigation of the temporal evolution of planktonic assemblages and interpretation of plankton regime shifts in seasonal, multiyear, and decadal contexts.

该项目将研究墨西哥西北湾的浮游生物如何应对由飓风哈维（Harvey Harvey）等极端天气事件产生的大洪水羽毛，这与时间尺度上与其发展和进化有关（天数到几个月）。目的是了解淡水向路易斯安那州 - 特克萨斯货架的巨大脉搏的时机，大小和组成量如何：（1）驱动浮游植物，浮游生物和幼虫鱼类社区和幼虫鱼社区和每月，季节性，季节性，年度时间表以及（2）在这些情况下会发生变化的食物的情况下，plains，季节性，季节性和年度时间表和分布。哈维飓风的时机泛滥水障碍与夏季跌落的季节是墨西哥渔业经济上重要的海湾（例如，红鼓，海鳟，鲷鱼），引发了食物网络中断对招聘的长期影响的其他问题。该项目将在三个机构中培训两名本科生和四名博士学位研究生，并支持三位早期职业研究员。在收集后的一年内，将与更广泛的科学界共享水中和后水的羽流数据和样本，以促进研究团队以外的科学家的立即使用。该团队将通过既定的区域科学传播系列以及其他现有的区域外展伙伴关系进行协调的公开谈判，以扩大项目的教育范围。最后，这项研究的结果将在课程课程中纳入课程，并通过同行评审的期刊中的科学演示和出版物共享。飓风哈维（Harvey Harvey）在2017年8月下旬向德克萨斯州东南部提供的破坏雨水，导致大规模的洪水泛滥的洪水供应了Mexcico（Gom的Northern gulf of Mexcico（Gom）的沿海地区）。该项目将调查该羽流对浮游生物（从pico-到鱼类的浮游生物）的短期和中期影响，该系统在该系统中的社区组成和营养相互作用。基于2017年7月在GOM生态系统和碳循环（GOMECC-3）巡航期间收集的数据，以及该地区的历史数据集，浮游生物组合，丰富和食品网络互动将在活动结束后的三个研究巡航中进行评估。海洋数据和样品将使用标准和状态的齿轮（包括ZOOSCAN，FLOWCAM，流式细胞仪和下一代测序）收集和处理。将进行机载微型和中龙团体放牧实验，以了解在不断变化的环境条件下不同浮游生物组之间的滋养动力相互作用和关系。将进行幼虫鱼的饮食和生长率分析，并与植物和浮游动物（即猎物）丰度和社区组成数据有关。在三个项目巡航期间应用相同的齿轮类型和方法将确保这些新数据与现有样本和数据集的可比性。这些哈维后数据将与NOAA东南地区监测和评估计划（SEAMAP）在该地区收集的立即前期和长期数据进行比较，从而允许研究浮游物组件的时间演变，并解释planktonic plankton pranks plankton priments plankton sprience plankton shipts siesher，多年和十年型中环境。