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A New Class of Selenium Catalysts for the Amination of Alkenes and Alkynes

用于烯烃和炔烃胺化的新型硒催化剂

基本信息

批准号：
1764450
负责人：
Forrest Michael
金额：
$ 42万
依托单位：
University of Washington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-05-01 至 2021-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1764450&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
New Class Selenium Catalysts Amination

项目摘要

A New Class of Selenium Catalysts for the Amination of Alkenes and AlkynesMost organic molecules in biology contain nitrogen atoms that are critical to their activity. In making these compounds, chemists employ many powerful catalysts based on transition metals. As we progress towards a greener, more sustainable future, it is critical that we find new catalysts that are equally powerful, yet less expensive and less toxic. In this project, Prof. Michael of the Department of Chemistry at the University of Washington is studying catalysts based on selenium as alternatives to transition metal-based catalysts. These catalysts can introduce nitrogen-containing groups at specific, key points in simple organic molecules. This project is determining how changes to the structure of the selenium catalysts controls these reactions. Prof. Michael is engaged in outreach activities that provide research and learning opportunities to highly gifted and talented young scientists through his work with the Center for Excellence in Education and the Research Science Institute and Research Science Initiative, where he teaches high school students in the US and China about cutting-edge research in chemistry.With funding from the Chemical Catalysis Program of the Chemistry Division, Prof. Michael of the University of Washington is studying how ligands normally used for transition metal catalysts, such as phosphines and N-heterocyclic carbenes, can be employed to control the catalytic reactivity of selenium. These reactions will allow the transformation of inexpensive hydrocarbon starting materials into more complex compounds by the selective introduction of nitrogen substituents via allylic, vinylic and propargylic C-H amination reactions, as well as diamination and hydroamination reactions. The fundamental reaction mechanisms and key intermediates in these transformations are being studied by testing structure-function relationships and examining intermediates by multi-nuclear (1H, 31P, 77Se) NMR spectroscopy. Prof. Michael is engaged in outreach activities that mentor highly gifted and talented young scientists through his work with the Center for Excellence in Education and the Research Science Institute and Research Science Initiative.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

一类用于烯烃和烯烃胺化的新型硒催化剂生物中的大多数有机分子都含有对其活性至关重要的氮原子。在制造这些化合物的过程中，化学家使用了许多基于过渡金属的强大催化剂。随着我们迈向更绿色、更可持续的未来，我们必须找到同样强大、成本更低、毒性更小的新催化剂。在这个项目中，华盛顿大学化学系的迈克尔教授正在研究基于硒的催化剂作为过渡金属基催化剂的替代品。这些催化剂可以在简单有机分子中的特定关键点引入含氮基团。该项目正在确定硒催化剂结构的变化如何控制这些反应。迈克尔教授致力于为极具天赋和才华的年轻科学家提供研究和学习机会，他与教育卓越中心和研究科学研究所和研究科学倡议组织合作，在那里向美国高中生和中国教授化学前沿研究。在化学系化学催化计划的资助下，华盛顿大学的迈克尔教授正在研究如何利用通常用于过渡金属催化剂的配体，如膦和N-杂环卡宾，来控制硒的催化反应活性。这些反应将通过烯丙基、乙烯基和丙叉基C-H胺化反应以及二胺化和氢胺化反应选择性地引入氮取代基，将廉价的碳氢原料转化为更复杂的化合物。通过结构-功能关系测试和多核(~1H，~(31)P，~(77)Se)核磁共振检测中间体，研究了这些转化中的基本反应机理和关键中间体。Michael教授通过在教育卓越中心和研究科学研究所和研究科学倡议的工作，参与了指导极具天赋和才华的年轻科学家的外展活动。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。