A microcontextual investigation of combustion features from Middle Stone Age sites in South Africa

南非中石器时代遗址燃烧特征的微观背景调查

• 批准号: 233067392
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Christopher E. Miller
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Naturwissenschaftliche Archäologie (INA)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/233067392?language=en
• 关键词: microcontextual; investigation; combustion; features; Middle

This project will apply multiple analytical techniques to the investigation of combustion features produced by Middle Stone Age humans at two sites in southern Africa: Diepkloof Rock Shelter (Western Cape, South Africa) and Sibudu (KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa). These sites share the distinction of being the only sites excavated with modern techniques in southern Africa that contain pre-Stillbay, Stillbay, Howiesons Poort, and post-Howiesons Poort occupations in single stratigraphic sequences. Therefore, these sites offer a unique opportunity to investigate the cultural evolution of Anatomically Modern Humans (AMH) during the Middle Stone Age. The several-meter-thick sequences at both Sibudu and Diepkloof are composed almost exclusively of beds and laminations of materials burnt as a result of human activity (e.g. charcoal, ash and other combustion residues). The form, composition and frequency of these features change throughout both sequences, suggesting that the role of fire in the domestic lives of the Middle Stone Age occupants was dynamic and variable. The proposed research project combines micromorphology, micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (µFTIR), organic petrology, and paleobotanical studies within a microcontextual approach to investigate the nature and formation history of these combustion features. The results of this study will be fully integrated with other ongoing analyses of the archaeological record from both sites, including lithic artifact, faunal and botanical studies. The integrated results will be used to develop a holistic interpretation of behavioral change related to fire use during the Middle Stone Age of South Africa.

该项目将应用多种分析技术来调查非洲南部两个地点的中石器时代人类产生的燃烧特征：Diepkloof岩石避难所（南非西开普省）和Sibudu（南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省）。这些遗址的独特之处在于，它们是南部非洲唯一使用现代技术挖掘的遗址，在单一地层序列中包含了前斯蒂尔贝、斯蒂尔贝、豪威森斯波特和后豪威森斯波特的职业。因此，这些遗址为研究中石器时代解剖学上的现代人（AMH）的文化演变提供了一个独特的机会。Sibudu和Diepkloof的几米厚的序列几乎完全由人类活动燃烧的物质（如木炭、灰烬和其他燃烧残留物）的床和层组成。这些特征的形式、组成和频率在两个序列中都发生了变化，这表明火在中石器时代居住者的家庭生活中的作用是动态和可变的。该研究项目结合微观形态学、微傅里叶变换红外光谱（µFTIR）、有机岩石学和古植物学研究，在微观背景下研究这些燃烧特征的性质和形成历史。这项研究的结果将与其他正在进行的考古记录分析（包括石器制品、动物和植物研究）完全结合起来。综合结果将用于开发一个整体的解释与火的使用在南非的中石器时代的行为变化。

项目成果

Hidden in plain sight: A microanalytical study of a Middle Stone Age ochre piece trapped inside a micromorphological block sample

• DOI: 10.1002/gea.21830
• 发表时间: 2020-12-15
• 期刊: GEOARCHAEOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Haaland, Magnus M.;Strauss, Andre M.;Henshilwood, Christopher S.
• 通讯作者: Henshilwood, Christopher S.

Heat-induced alteration of glauconitic minerals in the Middle Stone Age levels of Blombos Cave, South Africa: Implications for evaluating site structure and burning events

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2017.06.008
• 发表时间: 2017-10-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Haaland, Magnus M.;Friesem, David E.;Henshilwood, Christopher S.
• 通讯作者: Henshilwood, Christopher S.

Geoarchaeological investigation of occupation deposits in Blombos Cave in South Africa indicate changes in site use and settlement dynamics in the southern Cape during MIS 5b-4

对南非布隆博斯洞穴占领沉积物的地质考古调查表明，MIS 5b-4 期间南开普省的场地利用和定居动态发生了变化

• DOI: 10.1017/qua.2020.75
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Quaternary Research
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Haaland;Miller;Unhammer;Reynard;van Niekerk;Ligouis;Mentzer;Henshilwood
• 通讯作者: Henshilwood

Cooked starchy food in hearths ca. 120 kya and 65 kya (MIS 5e and MIS 4) from Klasies River Cave, South Africa.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.03.015
• 发表时间: 2019-06
• 期刊: Journal of human evolution
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Cynthia Larbey;S. Mentzer;B. Ligouis;S. Wurz;Martin K. Jones

A previously undescribed organic residue sheds light on heat treatment in the Middle Stone Age.

先前未描述的有机残留物揭示了中石器时代的热处理

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.05.001
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Journal of human evolution
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Schmidt;Porraz;Bellot-Gurlet;February;Ligouis;Texier;Parkington;Miller;Nickel;Conard
• 通讯作者: Conard