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Collaborative Research: Impacts of biocides associated with hydraulic fracturing on aquatic microbial communities.

合作研究：与水力压裂相关的杀菌剂对水生微生物群落的影响。

基本信息

批准号：
1805152
负责人：
Terry Hazen
金额：
$ 8万
依托单位：
University of Tennessee Knoxville
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-01 至 2021-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1805152&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Impacts biocides associated

项目摘要

Hydraulic fracturing (HF), commonly called "fracking", is a method for recovery of oil and gas using high pressure water, sand, and chemicals to fracture rocks, releasing oil and gas. This process transformed the U.S. energy industry, but more research is needed to study the environmental impacts of HF. This project at Juniata College, in collaboration with researchers at Michigan Technological University and the University of Tennessee Knoxville, will focus on the environmental impacts of biocides, some of the most commonly used chemicals in HF. Biocides are designed to kill microbes and are used in HF to protect equipment from microbial corrosion and to preserve the quality of oil and gas. However, once exposed to biocides, naturally-occurring microorganisms can become resistant to these chemicals. Because of this link between biocide resistance and the ability of microbes to become resistant to medications, it is important to clarify the impact of industrial biocides associated with HF on the environment, and the processes leading to biocide resistance. If successful, this research will lead to better strategies to identify and mitigate the potential effects of biocides on the environment and public health, protecting the Nation's water security while enabling the use of an important source of raw energy materials. The goal of this study is to better understand the environmental impacts of HF and how the use of industrial biocides in HF operations may contribute to development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in aquatic microbial communities. Previous work demonstrated altered microbial community compositions in streams impacted by HF operations as well as increased tolerance to biocides in streams impacted by HF. Several streams in Pennsylvania were selected for this study based on their reception of HF wastewater due to spills or close proximity to active HF wells. Another set of streams with no active HF operations were selected as control settings. The initial objective of this work will be to study links between the observed changes in high HF active streams and potential releases of HF wastewater. Chemical tracers, isotopic signatures, biocide concentrations, and biocide breakdown products will be measured in HF-impacted streams and compared to both HF wastewater and control streams. The microbial community composition and functions within these 3 general aquatic ecosystems will also be studied using high-throughput sequencing to elucidate the impact of HF operations on biogeochemical cycling and assess the potential for microbes to be used as sensitive bio-indicators of HF impacts. In addition to investigating the impact of HF operations on streams and the consequences of AMR, studies will be performed to investigate the biological mechanism for resistance to various industrial biocides using biocide resistant strains isolated from HF wastewater and HF-impacted streams. Transcriptomics will be employed to assess the microbial response to industrial biocides. The levels of biocide-resistant strains and AMR genes will be determined in these environments over multiple years to investigate the long-term impact of HF activities on the development and persistence of strains resistant to antimicrobials. This project will provide insights into links between HF activity, biocide resistance, and the pathways controlling the fate of biocides in these settings. If successful, this research could serve as the foundation for the development of future molecular diagnostic tools for detecting biocide contamination.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

水力压裂(HF)，俗称“水力压裂”，是一种利用高压水、沙和化学物质压裂岩石，释放石油和天然气来回收石油和天然气的方法。这一过程改变了美国的能源行业，但还需要更多的研究来研究HF对环境的影响。朱尼亚塔学院的这个项目与密歇根理工大学和田纳西诺克斯维尔大学的研究人员合作，将重点放在杀生剂的环境影响上，这是HF中最常用的一些化学品。杀生剂的设计目的是杀死微生物，并用于HF中，以保护设备免受微生物腐蚀，并保持石油和天然气的质量。然而，一旦暴露在杀菌剂中，自然产生的微生物可能会对这些化学物质产生抗药性。由于杀生剂抗药性与微生物对药物产生抗药性之间的这种联系，重要的是澄清与HF相关的工业杀生剂对环境的影响，以及导致杀生剂抗药性的过程。如果成功，这项研究将导致制定更好的战略，以确定和减轻杀菌剂对环境和公众健康的潜在影响，保护国家的水安全，同时能够使用一种重要的原材料来源。这项研究的目的是更好地了解HF对环境的影响，以及在HF作业中使用工业杀菌剂如何有助于在水生微生物群落中发展抗菌素耐药性(AMR)。以前的工作表明，受高频作业影响的溪流中的微生物群落组成发生了变化，并且受到HF影响的溪流对杀菌剂的耐受性增加。宾夕法尼亚州的几个溪流被选为这项研究的依据，这些溪流由于泄漏或靠近活跃的高频油井而接收到氢氟酸废水。选择没有活动HF操作的另一组流作为控制设置。这项工作的最初目标将是研究观察到的高HF活跃流的变化与潜在的HF废水排放之间的联系。化学示踪剂、同位素特征、杀生剂浓度和杀生剂分解产物将在受HF影响的溪流中进行测量，并与HF废水和对照溪流进行比较。还将利用高通量测序研究这3个一般水生生态系统内的微生物群落组成和功能，以阐明HF作业对生物地球化学循环的影响，并评估微生物作为HF影响的敏感生物指标的潜力。除了调查HF作业对溪流的影响和AMR的后果外，还将利用从HF废水和受HF影响的溪流中分离出的抗杀生剂菌株，研究抗药性各种工业杀生剂的生物学机制。将使用转录组学来评估微生物对工业杀菌剂的反应。将在这些环境中多年测定抗杀菌剂菌株和AMR基因的水平，以调查HF活动对抗药性菌株的发展和持久性的长期影响。该项目将深入了解HF活性、杀生剂抗药性和在这些环境中控制杀生剂命运的途径之间的联系。如果成功，这项研究可以作为未来开发用于检测杀菌剂污染的分子诊断工具的基础。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。