RAPID: Leveraging the ABCD Study to Examine the Effects of Hurricane Irma Exposure: The Disaster and Youth, Neural and Affective Maturation in Context (DYNAMIC) Study

RAPID：利用 ABCD 研究检验飓风艾尔玛暴露的影响：灾难与青少年、神经和情感成熟的背景（动态）研究

• 批准号: 1805645
• 负责人: Anthony Dick
• 金额: $ 18万
• 依托单位: Florida International University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-01-15 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1805645&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Leveraging; ABCD; Study; Examine

This award supports research on children and families affected by Hurricane Irma, which hit the Southeastern United States in September 2017. This research project will study how natural disasters affect brain, thinking, and mood. Natural disasters are disruptive and affect millions of people worldwide each year, including children. Disaster experiences are associated with youth feeling vulnerable and experiencing problems at school, at home, and with peers, as well as problems with mental health and substance use. This research also examines how pre-disaster brain functioning and thinking may protect against some of the effects of disaster-related stress on youth. The funded work will likely inform local, state, and national responses to disasters, identify youth at greatest risk after a disaster, reveal patterns of resilience, and strengthen our understanding of typical child development.In the year before Hurricane Irma's landfall, a large sample of children in Florida and South Carolina--who were later affected by the hurricane--began participating in a large, multisite longitudinal investigation of brain and cognitive development, the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Also studied was a large sample of control children in California, who were not affected by the hurricane. The current study will take advantage of data collected prior to the hurricane in the ABCD study, which used a battery of neuropsychological, interview, genetic, and structural and functional neuroimaging tests. Because disasters are rarely predictable, most prior studies of the effects of disaster exposure do not have access to important information about research participants' pre-disaster statuses or levels of functioning; the prospective design of the current research will avoid this problem. In addition, this research will enable data to be collected very soon after the hurricane, while the experiences of the hurricane and its aftermath are fresh. As a result, the researchers will be able to compare pre- and post-hurricane brain functioning, mood, and thinking, to test hypotheses about the effects of disaster-related stress on several developmental processes. Key predictions are that in addition to causing elevated posttraumatic stress symptoms in both cognitive and affective domains, increased hurricane-associated stress will have caused loss of volume, reduced cortical thickness, and impaired neural transmission in specific brain areas (for example, in the hippocampus, amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and other areas). Neural measurements will be taken using T1- and T2-weighted MRI scans and diffusion-weighted MRI scans. By studying children's Irma-related experiences, traumatic exposure, and evacuation-related stress, this study will afford a unique opportunity to longitudinally examine the effects of disaster exposure and disaster-related stress on youth development. This study will help the general public better understand the effects of disasters on children and identify youth at greatest risk in the aftermath of disasters.

该奖项支持对受飓风Irma影响的儿童和家庭的研究，该研究于2017年9月袭击了美国东南部。该研究项目将研究自然灾害如何影响大脑，思维和情绪。自然灾害是破坏性的，每年都会影响全球数百万的人，包括儿童。灾难经历与年轻人感到脆弱，在学校，家里和同龄人以及心理健康和药物使用方面遇到问题。这项研究还研究了灾后大脑的功能和思维如何防止与灾难相关的压力对青年的某些影响。这项资助的工作可能会为灾难的地方，州和国家的反应提供信息，确定灾难发生最大风险的年轻人，揭示了韧性的模式，并加强了我们对典型儿童发展的理解。在飓风Irma的登陆前一年和认知发展（ABCD）研究。加利福尼亚州的对照儿童的大量样本也没有受到飓风的影响。当前的研究将利用ABCD研究中飓风之前收集的数据，该研究使用了一系列神经心理学，访谈，遗传和结构和功能性神经成像测试。由于灾难很少是可预测的，因此大多数先前关于灾难曝光影响的研究无法访问有关研究参与者的策略前状态或功能水平的重要信息；当前研究的前瞻性设计将避免此问题。此外，这项研究将使数据在飓风之后不久收集，而飓风及其后果的经历是新鲜的。结果，研究人员将能够比较赫鲁里奇脑前后的大脑功能，情绪和思维，以测试有关与灾害相关压力对几种发展过程的影响的假设。关键预测是，除了在认知和情感领域引起创伤后应激症状升高，飓风相关的压力增加还会导致体积损失，皮质厚度减少以及特定脑区域的神经传播受损（例如，海马，海马，杏仁核，前胎肉，额叶前的皮质和其他区域）。将使用T1和T2加权MRI扫描和扩散加权MRI扫描进行神经测量。通过研究儿童与IRMA相关的经历，创伤性的暴露和与疏散相关的压力，这项研究将为纵向研究灾难暴露和与灾难有关的压力对青年发展的影响提供独特的机会。这项研究将帮助公众更好地了解灾难对儿童的影响，并在灾难后确定最大风险的青年。