Chemical Composition and Energy Spectrum of Cosmic Rays Using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

使用 IceCube 中微子观测站研究宇宙射线的化学成分和能谱

• 批准号: 1806942
• 负责人: Karen Andeen
• 金额: $ 12.5万
• 依托单位: Marquette University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1806942&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chemical; Composition; Energy; Spectrum; Cosmic

Cosmic rays constantly bombard the atmosphere, yet key information regarding the processes of cosmic ray creation, acceleration, and propagation is lacking. However, candidate theoretical models have been developed to make testable predictions about cosmic ray parameters that are observable at Earth. In order to test these models, precise experimental measurements of multiple elemental spectra of cosmic rays are needed from a single experiment across the full energy range. Using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory (ICNO), the IceCube group at Marquette University will provide the cosmic ray community with the first measurement of the elemental spectra from four distinct mass groups from the 'knee' to the 'ankle' in the cosmic ray energy spectrum using six years of IceCube data, new post-LHC simulations, novel methods for event selection, reduced systematic errors, new software algorithms, and new composition-sensitive parameters. The group will share their research with the broader Milwaukee community to help bridge the racial and socio-economic divide in one of the most highly segregated cities in the United States. Under this award, they will go out into the community to inspire the diverse local high school student population with fun and interactive "household physics" projects and bring diverse high school students back to Marquette to expose them to "big science" job opportunities through an IceCube Master Class. In order to increase awareness among high school students of physics as a strong and viable career path for students from all backgrounds, this work will be framed by an intercultural competency program to train Marquette students to interact and connect with their local community empathetically, increase their own intercultural competency, and to build a culture of compassion within the physics department to sustain the participation of women and underrepresented minorities in physics.The ICNO is the only detector that can presently perform this highly sought measurement that includes an entire decade in energy where four elemental spectra have never been measured. This will provide a new and coherent picture across the entire transition region from galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays. Further, the Marquette IceCube group will simulate and fully optimize the detector response and array layout for a new prototype scintillator array being partially deployed at the South Pole this season (2018-19) to maximize its effectiveness for the cosmic ray analyses. This new array is designed to mitigate the problem of snow drift and accumulation that threatens the effectiveness of the current ICNO surface array (IceTop).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

宇宙射线不断轰击大气层，但有关宇宙射线产生、加速和传播过程的关键信息却缺乏。然而，候选理论模型已经开发出来，可以对地球上可观测到的宇宙射线参数进行可测试的预测。 为了测试这些模型，需要在整个能量范围内通过单个实验对宇宙射线的多个元素光谱进行精确的实验测量。 马凯特大学的 IceCube 小组将使用 IceCube 中微子观测站 (ICNO)，利用六年的 IceCube 数据、新的大型强子对撞机后模拟、事件选择的新颖方法、减少的系统误差、新的软件算法和新的方法，为宇宙射线界提供首次对宇宙射线能谱中从“膝盖”到“脚踝”的四个不同质量组的元素光谱的测量。 成分敏感参数。 该小组将与更广泛的密尔沃基社区分享他们的研究成果，以帮助弥合美国种族隔离最严重的城市之一的种族和社会经济鸿沟。 根据该奖项，他们将走进社区，通过有趣且互动的“家庭物理”项目激励当地多元化的高中生群体，并将多元化的高中生带回马凯特，通过 IceCube 大师班让他们接触到“大科学”工作机会。 为了提高高中生对物理学的认识，将其作为来自各种背景的学生的强大而可行的职业道路，这项工作将以跨文化能力计划为框架，以培训马凯特学生与当地社区进行同理心互动和联系，提高他们自己的跨文化能力，并在物理系内建立一种同情文化，以维持女性和代表性不足的少数族裔对物理学的参与。 ICNO 是唯一能够 目前正在进行这项备受追捧的测量，其中包括整整十年的能源测量，其中四种元素的光谱从未被测量过。这将为从银河系到河外宇宙线的整个过渡区域提供一个新的、连贯的图片。 此外，Marquette IceCube 小组将模拟并全面优化本季度（2018-19 年）在南极部分部署的新原型闪烁体阵列的探测器响应和阵列布局，以最大限度地提高其宇宙射线分析的有效性。 这个新阵列旨在缓解雪漂和积雪问题，该问题威胁到当前 ICNO 表面阵列 (IceTop) 的有效性。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Hybrid cosmic ray measurements using the IceAct telescopes in coincidence with the IceCube and IceTop detectors

使用 IceAct 望远镜与 IceCube 和 IceTop 探测器结合进行混合宇宙射线测量

• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference
• 作者: Larissa Paul, Matthias Plum

Design and performance of the first IceAct demonstrator at the South Pole

南极第一个 IceAct 演示器的设计和性能

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/15/02/t02002
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Instrumentation
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Aartsen, M.G.;Ackermann, M.;Adams, J.;Aguilar, J.A.;Ahlers, M.;Ahrens, M.;Alispach, C.;Andeen, K.;Anderson, T.;Ansseau, I.
• 通讯作者: Ansseau, I.

Study of mass composition of cosmic rays with IceTop and IceCube

使用 IceTop 和 IceCube 研究宇宙射线的质量成分

• DOI: 10.22323/1.395.0323
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference
• 作者: Abbasi, Rasha;Ackermann, Markus;Adams, Jenni;Aguilar, Juanan;Ahlers, M.;Ahrens, Maryon;Alispach, Cyril Martin;Alves Junior, Antonio Augusto;Amin, Najia Moureen;An, Rui
• 通讯作者: An, Rui

Search for PeV Gamma-Ray Emission from the Southern Hemisphere with 5 Yr of Data from the IceCube Observatory

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab6d67
• 发表时间: 2019-08
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: M. Aartsen;M. Ackermann;J. Adams;J. Aguilar;M. Ahlers;M. Ahrens;C. Alispach;K. Andeen;T. Anderson;I. Ansseau;G. Anton;C. Arguelles;J. Auffenberg;S. Axani;P. Backes;H. Bagherpour;X. Bai;V. A.Balagopal;A. Barbano;S. Barwick;B. Bastian;V. Baum;S. Baur;R. Bay;J. Beatty;K. Becker;J. Tjus;S. BenZvi;D. Berley;E. Bernardini;D. Besson;G. Binder;D. Bindig;E. Blaufuss;S. Blot;C. Bohm;M. Borner;S. Boser;O. Botner;J. Bottcher;E. Bourbeau;J. Bourbeau;F. Bradascio;J. Braun;S. Bron;J. Brostean-Kaiser;A. Burgman;J. Buscher;R. Busse;T. Carver;C. Chen;E. Cheung;D. Chirkin;S. Choi;K. Clark;L. Classen;A. Coleman;G. Collin;J. Conrad;P. Coppin;P. Correa;D. Cowen;R. Cross;P. Dave;C. Clercq;J. DeLaunay;H. Dembinski;K. Deoskar;S. Ridder;P. Desiati;K. D. Vries;G. Wasseige;M. With;T. DeYoung;A. Diaz;J. C. D'iaz-V'elez;H. Dujmovic;M. Dunkman;E. Dvorak;B. Eberhardt;T. Ehrhardt;P. Eller;R. Engel;P. Evenson;S. Fahey;A. Fazely;J. Felde;K. Filimonov;C. Finley;A. Franckowiak;E. Friedman;A. Fritz;T. Gaisser;J. Gallagher;E. Ganster;S. Garrappa;L. Gerhardt;K. Ghorbani;T. Glauch;T. Glusenkamp;A. Goldschmidt;J. G. Gonzalez;D. Grant;Z. Griffith;S. Griswold;M. Gunder;M. Gunduz;C. Haack;A. Hallgren;L. Halve;F. Halzen;K. Hanson;A. Haungs;D. Hebecker;D. Heereman;P. Heix;K. Helbing;R. Hellauer;F. Henningsen;S. Hickford;J. Hignight;G. Hill;K. Hoffman;R. Hoffmann;T. Hoinka;B. Hokanson-Fasig;K. Hoshina;F. Huang;M. Huber;T. Huber;K. Hultqvist;Mirco Hünnefeld;R. Hussain;S. In;N. Iovine;A. Ishihara;G. Japaridze;M. Jeong;K. Jero;B. Jones;F. Jonske;R. Joppe;D. Kang;W. Kang;A. Kappes;D. Kappesser;T. Karg;M. Karl;A. Karle;U. Katz;M. Kauer;J. Kelley;A. Kheirandish;J. Kim;T. Kintscher;J. Kiryluk;T. Kittler;S. Klein;R. Koirala;H. Kolanoski;L. Kopke;C. Kopper;S. Kopper;D. Koskinen;M. Kowalski;K. Krings;G. Kruckl;N. Kulacz;N. Kurahashi;A. Kyriacou;M. Labare;J. Lanfranchi;M. Larson;F. Lauber;J. Lazar;K. Leonard;A. Leszczy'nska;M. Leuermann;Q. Liu;E. Lohfink;C. J. L. Mariscal;L. Lu;F. Lucarelli;J. Lunemann;W. Luszczak;Y. Lyu;W. Ma;J. Madsen;G. Maggi;K. Mahn;Y. Makino;P. Mallik;K. Mallot;S. Mancina;I. Marics;R. Maruyama;K. Mase;R. Maunu;F. McNally;K. Meagher;M. Medici;A. Medina;M. Meier;S. Meighen-Berger;T. Menne;G. Merino;T. Meures;J. Micallef;D. Mockler;G. Moment'e;T. Montaruli;R. Moore;R. Morse;M. Moulai;P. Muth;R. Nagai;U. Naumann;G. Neer;H. Niederhausen;S. Nowicki;D. Nygren;A. Pollmann;M. Oehler;A. Olivas;A. O'Murchadha;E. O’Sullivan;T. Palczewski;H. Pandya;D. Pankova;N. Park;P. Peiffer;C. Heros;S. Philippen;D. Pieloth;E. Pinat;A. Pizzuto;M. Plum;A. Porcelli;P. Price;G. Przybylski;C. Raab;A. Raissi;M. Rameez;L. Rauch;K. Rawlins;I. C. Rea;R. Reimann;B. Relethford;M. Renschler;G. Renzi;E. Resconi;W. Rhode;M. Richman;S. Robertson;M. Rongen;C. Rott;T. Ruhe;D. Ryckbosch;D. Rysewyk;I. Safa;S. Herrera;A. Sandrock;J. Sandroos;M. Santander;S. Sarkar;K. Satalecka;M. Schaufel;H. Schieler;P. Schlunder;T. Schmidt;A. Schneider;J. Schneider;F. Schroder;L. Schumacher;S. Sclafani;D. Seckel;S. Seunarine;S. Shefali;M. Silva;R. Snihur;J. Soedingrekso;D. Soldin;M. Song;G. Spiczak;C. Spiering;J. Stachurska;M. Stamatikos;T. Stanev;R. Stein;P. Steinmuller;J. Stettner;A. Steuer;T. Stezelberger;R. Stokstad;A. Stossl;N. Strotjohann;T. Sturwald;T. Stuttard;G. Sullivan;I. Taboada;F. Tenholt;S. Ter-Antonyan;A. Terliuk;S. Tilav;K. Tollefson;L. Tomankova;C. Tonnis;S. Toscano;D. Tosi;A. Trettin;M. Tselengidou;C. Tung;A. Turcati;R. Turcotte;C. Turley;B. Ty;E. Unger;M. U. Elorrieta;M. Usner;J. Vandenbroucke;W. Driessche;D. Eijk;N. Eijndhoven;S. Vanheule;J. Santen;M. Vraeghe;C. Walck;A. Wallace;M. Wallraff;N. Wandkowsky;T. B. Watson;C. Weaver;A. Weindl;M. Weiss;J. Weldert;C. Wendt;J. Werthebach;B. Whelan;N. Whitehorn;K. Wiebe;C. Wiebusch;L. Wille;D. Williams;L. Wills;M. Wolf;J. Wood;T. R. Wood;K. Woschnagg;G. Wrede;D. Xu;X. Xu;Y. Xu;J. Yáñez;G. Yodh;S. Yoshida;T. Yuan;M. Zocklein

Latest Cosmic Ray Results from IceTop and IceCube

IceTop 和 IceCube 的最新宇宙射线结果

• DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921003005
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: EPJ Web of Conferences
• 作者: Andeen, Karen;Plum, Matthias;Lhenry-Yvon, I.;Biteau, J.;Deligny, O.;Ghia, P.
• 通讯作者: Ghia, P.