Collaborative Research: Exploring the role of branching in determining the physicochemical properties of dendritic, hyperbranched and linear bis-MPA polyesters

我们周围的材料有相当大比例是由塑料制成的，也被称为“聚合物”。绝大多数合成聚合物在分子水平上表现出类似于线的线性结构。在过去的几十年里，许多具有更树状分子结构的支化聚合物已经被设计并商业化制造。从线性到分支的结构差异导致了独特的性质和应用。杜兰大学的格雷森教授和南密西西比大学的纳扎连科教授正在使用新的合成方法来控制聚酯家族的准确支化量。他们研究聚酯的性质，以更好地了解如何在分子水平上控制聚合物结构，以生产具有更好行为和性能的聚酯。这项工作吸引了本科生和研究生两个层次的研究人员以多学科、协作的方式进行研究。该项目还包括对当地公立高中的化学课堂进行推广，以演示如何使用科学方法更好地理解化学中的基本概念。一门新的跨学科考古化学课程也在开发中。在化学系大分子、超分子和纳米化学计划的支持下，正在使用新的合成工具来制备基于双(羟甲基)丙酸单体的线性、超支化、树枝状和假树枝状聚合物库。传统的(核磁共振)和更新颖的(质谱学)表征技术都被用来阐明这些聚合物的每一种结构类别的结构和反应性。X射线研究与计算机模拟相结合，以确认在这些聚酯中发生的分子内和分子间氢键的性质。压力-体积-温度的研究是为了理解熔体和固体中的分子堆积。最后，这些材料的介电性能正在进行调查，并与分支类型相关联，因为这些材料显示出高介电常数材料的前景。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

A significant percentage of the materials around us are made from plastics, also referred to as "polymers". The vast majority of synthetic polymers exhibit a linear structure, resembling a string, on the molecular level. Within the last few decades, a number of branched polymers, with a more tree-like molecular structure, have been designed and made commercially. The difference in structure from linear to branched results in unique properties and applications. Professor Grayson at Tulane University and Professor Nazarenko at the University of Southern Mississippi are using new synthetic methods to control the exact amount of branching in a family of polyesters. They study the properties of the polyesters to better understand how controlling polymer structure on the molecular level can yield polyesters with improved behavior and performance. This effort engages researchers from both the undergraduate and the graduate levels in a multi-disciplinary, collaborative approach. This project also include outreach to local public high school chemistry classes to demonstrate the use of the scientific method to better understand fundamental concepts in chemistry. A new interdisciplinary archeological chemistry course is also under development. With the support from the Macromolecular, Supramolecular and Nanochemistry Program from the Division of Chemistry, new synthetic tools are being employed to prepare a library of linear, hyperbranched, dendritic and "pseudodendritic" polymers based on the bis(hydromethyl)propanoic acid monomer. Both traditional (nuclear magnetic resonance) and more novel (mass spectrometry) characterization techniques are being utilized to elucidate the structure as well as the reactivity of each architectural class of these polymers. X-ray studies are combined with computer modeling to confirm the nature of the intra-and inter-molecular hydrogen bonding that occurs in these polyesters. Pressure-volume-temperature studies are carried out to understand the molecular packing in the melt and solid states. Finally, the materials dielectric properties are being investigated and correlated with the type of branching, as these materials show promise for high dielectric constant materials.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.