Multiphase Chemistry of Reactive Oxygen Species and Free Radicals in Secondary Organic Aerosols

二次有机气溶胶中活性氧和自由基的多相化学

• 批准号: 1808125
• 负责人: Manabu Shiraiwa
• 金额: $ 39.89万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1808125&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Multiphase; Chemistry; Reactive; Oxygen; Species

This project is funded by the Environmental Chemical Sciences Program in the Chemistry Division at the National Science Foundation. Professor Shiraiwa, his graduate student and postdoctoral fellow investigate atmospheric fine particulate matter, or aerosols. Organic particles are a major component of these aerosols. These particles influence climate, air quality and public health. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydroxyl (OH) and organic radicals play a central role in the chemical changes that take place in organic compounds in the atmosphere. ROS are poorly quantified in cloud droplets and their role in aqueous chemistry is poorly characterized. This causes major uncertainties in evaluating aerosol effects on air quality. Professor Shiraiwa organizes an annual educational seminar for local high school teachers. This educational seminar consists of three major activities: seminar, AirUCI lab tour, and hands-on experiments. With help from his research group, high school teachers operate instrumentation to measure free radicals contained in a variety of samples such as atmospheric particles, diesel exhaust particles, and tobacco ash. This research project advances the national health and prosperity by developing a better understanding of our environment and how it can influence human health. The project studies the chemical mechanism of ROS formation from atmospheric organic compounds. Organic particles are generated in a reaction chamber. Ambient particles are also collected using a particle impactor. ROS in organic particles are quantified mainly using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy with a spin trapping technique. A chemical kinetic model is developed and applied for data analysis and interpretation. The project goal is to advance the fundamental understanding of multiphase chemistry of ROS in atmospheric water. The project involves mentoring of undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral students. An annual educational seminar on environmental radical chemistry is organized for local high school teachers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

本项目由美国国家科学基金化学分部环境化学科学项目资助。白泽明教授、他的研究生和博士后研究大气中的细颗粒物，即气溶胶。有机微粒是这些气溶胶的主要成分。这些颗粒影响气候、空气质量和公众健康。包括羟基（OH）和有机自由基在内的活性氧（ROS）在大气中有机化合物发生的化学变化中起着核心作用。活性氧在云滴中很少被量化，它们在水化学中的作用也很少被表征。这在评估气溶胶对空气质量的影响方面造成了很大的不确定性。白石教授每年为当地高中教师组织一次教育研讨会。这个教育研讨会包括三个主要活动：研讨会、AirUCI实验室参观和动手实验。在他的研究小组的帮助下，高中教师操作仪器来测量各种样品中含有的自由基，如大气颗粒、柴油废气颗粒和烟草灰。这个研究项目通过更好地了解我们的环境以及它如何影响人类健康来促进国家的健康和繁荣。本项目研究大气有机化合物生成活性氧的化学机理。有机颗粒是在反应室内产生的。环境颗粒也使用粒子撞击器收集。有机粒子中的活性氧主要采用电子顺磁共振波谱和自旋俘获技术进行定量。建立了化学动力学模型，并应用于数据分析和解释。该项目的目标是促进对大气水中活性氧多相化学的基本认识。该项目涉及本科生、研究生和博士后的指导。每年为当地高中教师组织一次环境自由基化学教育研讨会。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Aqueous-phase reactive species formed by fine particulate matter from remote forests and polluted urban air

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-10439-2021
• 发表时间: 2021-07-09
• 期刊: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Tong，Haijie;Liu，Fobang;Poeschl，Ulrich
• 通讯作者: Poeschl，Ulrich

Superoxide Formation from Aqueous Reactions of Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosols

生物二次有机气溶胶的水反应形成超氧化物

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07789
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Wei, Jinlai;Fang, Ting;Wong, Cynthia;Lakey, Pascale S.;Nizkorodov, Sergey A.;Shiraiwa, Manabu
• 通讯作者: Shiraiwa, Manabu