Collaborative Research: Stability, security and emergency control for reconfigurable networked microgrids

网络化微电网（NMG，例如，由太阳能电池板或风力涡轮机供电的家庭或地区级微电网的互连）越来越多地用于在微电网之间共享资源，这可以提供显著的经济效益。然而，在这种网络环境中，鲁棒性和脆弱性之间的权衡知之甚少。一方面，多个单独的微电网的互连可以提高微电网网络的鲁棒性，因为增加的总惯性将允许更好地拒绝相对较小的干扰，如负载和可再生发电变化或较小的负载/发电机停机。另一方面，互连也将扩展各个微电网之间的电气和操作耦合，并导致更多的级联故障路径（例如，任何微电网的局部故障都可以在整个网络中传播并威胁整个网络的脆弱性）。该项目将在以下方面做出贡献：（i）开发网络化微电网的高保真模型，为动态分析和控制带来一个新的应用领域;（ii）开发计算上易于处理的优化算法，以解决控制行动分析中涉及的稳定性约束最优潮流问题; ㈢采用创新的网络重新配置和有意孤立算法，以提高联网微电网的复原力，这可以为其他复杂网络的风险缓解创新提供信息。在更广泛的背景下，该项目可以帮助保护重要的基础设施，机场、医院、建筑物因自然灾害或网络物理攻击而长时间停电期间。为了填补知识空白，该项目将调查网络化微电网中鲁棒性-脆弱性权衡的复杂方面。然后，这一知识允许综合和验证综合预防-纠正业务战略，实现总体稳健性和脆弱性之间的最佳折衷。从技术上讲，我们将独立分析两个互补的预防-纠正策略，以确保NMG系统的安全性。分析这两个控制措施的成本-风险权衡，将导致预防和纠正策略的最佳集成到NMG operations.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

Networked microgrids (NMG, e.g., interconnections of house or district level microgrids powered by a solar panel or wind turbine) are increasingly utilized for sharing resources among microgrids, which can offer significant economic benefits. However, there is a poorly understood trade-off between robustness and fragility in this network setting. On one hand, the interconnection of multiple individual microgrids can improve the robustness of the microgrid network since the increased aggregate inertia will allow for better rejection of relatively small disturbances like load and renewable generation changes or minor load/generator outages. On the other hand, the interconnection will also extend the electrical and operational couplings between individual microgrids and lead to more routes of cascading failures (for example, a local failure of any microgrid can propagate throughout the network and threaten the whole network fragility). The project will make contributions in: (i) development of high-fidelity models of networked microgrids, bringing a new application domain to dynamics analysis and controls; (ii) development of computationally tractable optimization algorithms to solve the stability constrained optimal power flow problems involved in the analysis of the control actions; (iii) introduction of innovative network reconfiguration and intentional islanding algorithms to enhance networked microgrids resilience, which can inform innovations in risk mitigation of other complex networks. In the broader contexts, this project can help protecting critical infrastructures, e.g., airports, hospitals, buildings, during prolonged power outages due to natural disasters or cyberphysical attacks. Aiming to fill the knowledge gap, this project will investigate intricate aspects of the robustness-fragility trade-off in networked microgrids. This knowledge then allows for the synthesis and validation of integrated preventive-corrective operational strategies that achieve the optimal compromise between overall robustness and fragility. Technically, we will analyze independently two complementary preventive-corrective strategies for ensuring the security of the NMG system with respect to the most common faults. Analyzing the cost-risk tradeoff of these two control actions will then lead to an optimal integration of preventive and corrective strategies into NMG operations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.