3-D CMZ: Unveiling the Structure of the Center of the Milky Way Galaxy

3-D CMZ：揭开银河系中心的结构

• 批准号: 1816715
• 负责人: Cara Battersby
• 金额: $ 39.03万
• 依托单位: University of Connecticut
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1816715&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CMZ; Unveiling; Structure; Center; Milky

This astronomy project will produce a "3-dimensional" map of the center of the Milky Way Galaxy. The team will develop a catalogue of gas and dust clouds for use by other scientists. Infrared data from the Herschel space telescope will be combined with radio observations from the APEX telescope in Chile and the MOPRA telescope in Australia. By observing radiation from warm dust and from molecules like formaldehyde, methanol, and silicon monoxide, the team will reveal the 3-D shapes, sizes, and distances of the clouds. The data will be compared to models of star formation to investigate how stars are born near the center of our Milky Way galaxy. The center of the Milky Way, known as the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ), is complicated and difficult to observe. The telescopes being used, which operate at infrared and radio wavelengths, are very well suited to this project. By comparison, optical telescopes struggle to see through the gas and dust that blocks our view of the CMZ. The CMZ includes the supermassive black hole at the heart of our galaxy, and intriguing objects like "the brick", a dense cloud that has yet to create any stars, and "the three little pigs", a row of three clumps on the verge of star birth. Understanding the CMZ is of great importance to models of the galaxy, and to theories of star birth in dense clouds.A postdoctoral researcher will be involved in this important and exciting project. The catalogue of clouds in the CMZ will be posted on an easy-to-use website. The team will also produce a custom lesson plan on the CMZ and a "WorldWide Telescope" (WWT) tour of our Galaxy's center. The lesson plan will be developed as part of the "BiteScis" program, which is led by this project's Principle Investigator (PI) and by a Boston Science Teacher. The lessons are designed to relate to curriculum standards, are tested in a local K-12 classroom, and are shared with other teachers through the BiteScis website. The WWT, a project hosted by the American Astronomical Society, will extend the reach of the CMZ survey beyond the K-12 classroom. The PI has served as an ambassador to the WWT for a number of years and is committed to including her survey data in the WWT.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个天文学项目将产生一个银河系中心的“三维”地图。该小组将编制一份气体和尘埃云目录，供其他科学家使用。 赫歇尔空间望远镜的红外数据将与智利APEX望远镜和澳大利亚MOPRA望远镜的射电观测相结合。通过观察来自温暖尘埃和甲醛、甲醇和一氧化硅等分子的辐射，研究小组将揭示云层的三维形状、大小和距离。 这些数据将与星星形成的模型进行比较，以研究恒星是如何在我们银河系中心附近诞生的。银河系的中心，被称为中央分子区（CMZ），是复杂且难以观察的。 正在使用的望远镜，在红外和无线电波长操作，非常适合这个项目。 相比之下，光学望远镜很难透过阻挡我们看到CMZ的气体和尘埃。 CMZ包括位于银河系中心的超大质量黑洞，以及像“砖块”这样的有趣物体，这是一个尚未创造任何恒星的致密云，还有“三只小猪”，这是一排即将诞生星星的三个团块。了解CMZ对星系模型和致密云中星星诞生理论都具有重要意义，一位博士后研究人员将参与这一重要而令人兴奋的项目。 CMZ中的云目录将张贴在一个易于使用的网站上。该团队还将制作一个关于CMZ的定制课程计划和一个“万维望远镜”（WWT）我们银河系中心的旅行。该课程计划将作为“BiteScis”计划的一部分开发，该计划由该项目的首席研究员（PI）和波士顿科学教师领导。这些课程的设计与课程标准有关，在当地的K-12教室进行测试，并通过BiteScis网站与其他教师分享。WWT是由美国天文学会主办的一个项目，它将把CMZ调查的范围扩大到K-12教室之外。PI多年来一直担任WWT的大使，并致力于将其调查数据纳入WWT。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Fiery Cores: Bursty and Smooth Star Formation Distributions across Galaxy Centers in Cosmological Zoom-in Simulations

火热核心：宇宙学放大模拟中星系中心爆发且平滑的恒星形成分布

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abdebd
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Orr, Matthew E.;Hatchfield, H Perry;Battersby, Cara;Hayward, Christopher C.;Hopkins, Philip F.;Wetzel, Andrew;Benincasa, Samantha M.;Loebman, Sarah R.;Sormani, Mattia C.;Klessen, Ralf S.
• 通讯作者: Klessen, Ralf S.

Origins Space Telescope: trades and decisions leading to the baseline mission concept

起源太空望远镜：导致基线任务概念的交易和决策

• DOI: 10.1117/1.jatis.7.1.011014
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: and Systems
• 作者: Leisawitz, David;Amatucci, Edward;Allen, Lynn;Arenberg, Jonathan;Armus, Lee;Battersby, Cara;Bauer, James;Bell, Ray;Benford, Dominic;Bergin, Edward
• 通讯作者: Bergin, Edward

ALMA Observations of Fragmentation, Substructure, and Protostars in High-mass Starless Clump Candidates

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab40ca
• 发表时间: 2019-08
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: B. Svoboda;Y. Shirley;A. Traficante;C. Battersby;G. Fuller;Qizhou Zhang;H. Beuther;N. Peretto;C. Brogan;T. Hunter

The geometry of the gas surrounding the Central Molecular Zone: on the origin of localized molecular clouds with extreme velocity dispersions

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz2054
• 发表时间: 2019-06
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: M. Sormani;R. Tress;S. Glover;R. Klessen;A. Barnes;C. Battersby;P. Clark;H. P. Hatchfield;Rowan J. Smith

Ubiquitous velocity fluctuations throughout the molecular interstellar medium

• DOI: 10.1038/s41550-020-1126-z
• 发表时间: 2020-07
• 期刊: Nature Astronomy
• 影响因子: 14.1
• 作者: J. Henshaw;J. Kruijssen;S. Longmore;M. Riener;A. Leroy;E. Rosolowsky;A. Ginsburg;C. Battersby