Molecular mechanisms of cell polarity and development of distinct plasma membrane domains during formation of pollen apertures

花粉孔形成过程中细胞极性和不同质膜域发育的分子机制

基本信息

批准号：
1817835
负责人：
Anna Dobritsa
金额：
$ 90万
依托单位：
Ohio State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-01 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1817835&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Molecular mechanisms cell polarity development

项目摘要

To perform their functions, cells often need to create regions on their surface which will differ from the surrounding areas in their protein and lipid composition. These regions are known as cellular domains. How cells direct molecules to specific positions and produce such domains is poorly understood. Pollen grains provide a beautiful example of a cells' ability to precisely form domains on their surfaces. Pollen surface is typically covered by a protective structure, pollen wall exine. However, in the majority of plants, certain regions on the pollen surface do not receive deposition of exine and instead develop into characteristic gaps, the apertures. To produce apertures, developing pollen consistently marks future aperture sites as different from the rest of the surface and protects them from exine deposition. This project will investigate molecular mechanisms through which pollen creates aperture domains. In the course of this project several young scientists (a postdoc as well as graduate and undergraduate students) will be trained. In addition, pollen biology will be used as a tool to engage and educate the general public through a variety of platforms, including activities at a local science museum, arts class, and a botanical garden.Formation of distinct cellular domains is critical for cell functions, but the mechanisms involved in creating these domains are still poorly understood. Pollen provides an excellent model for studying these mechanisms. In most plant species, the outer cell wall of pollen grains, called exine, is deposited on the pollen surface non-uniformly, with certain surface areas excluded from exine deposition and developing into characteristic openings, the apertures. Existence of apertures indicates the presence of tightly controlled mechanisms used by developing pollen to specify cellular domains. In this project, the roles of several aperture genes recently discovered in Arabidopsis will be studied to understand the mechanism of aperture formation. Through a variety of genetic, imaging, biochemical, and computational methods, the proposed work will define cell-biological and molecular events involved in this process. It will also explore the questions related to the evolution of pollen aperture diversity and will characterize molecular players that could be responsible for the interspecies similarities and differences in the process of aperture formation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

为了执行其功能，细胞通常需要在其表面上创建与蛋白质和脂质组成中周围区域不同的区域。这些区域称为细胞结构域。细胞如何将分子引导到特定位置并产生此类结构域。花粉粒提供了一个精美的例子，即细胞在其表面上精确形成域的能力。花粉表面通常被保护性结构覆盖，花粉壁外部。但是，在大多数植物中，花粉表面上的某些区域没有接收外观沉积，而是发展为特征间隙，孔。为了产生孔，开发花粉会始终将未来的孔位点标记为与表面其余部分不同，并保护它们免受外部沉积。该项目将研究花粉产生孔径域的分子机制。在这个项目的过程中，将对几位年轻科学家（博士后以及研究生和本科生）进行培训。此外，花粉生物学将被用作通过各种平台吸引和教育公众的工具，包括在当地科学博物馆，艺术阶级和植物园的活动。独特的细胞领域的形式对细胞功能至关重要，但创建这些领域所涉及的机制仍然很熟悉。花粉为研究这些机制提供了出色的模型。在大多数植物物种中，花粉粒的外细胞壁（称为外部）被不均匀地沉积在花粉表面上，某些表面积排除在外部沉积中，并发展为特征性开口，即孔。孔的存在表明存在开发花粉来指定细胞结构域使用的紧密控制的机制。在这个项目中，将研究最近在拟南芥中发现的几个光圈基因的作用，以了解孔形成的机理。通过多种遗传，成像，生化和计算方法，所提出的工作将定义此过程中涉及的细胞生物学和分子事件。它还将探讨与花粉孔多样性的演变有关的问题，并将表征分子参与者，这些参与者可能负责种间间的相似性和孔径形成过程中的差异。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的智力优点和广泛的影响来评估CRITERIA CRITERIA的评估。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Building portals in pollen

DOI：
10.1038/s41477-020-0641-3
发表时间：
2020-04
期刊：
Nature Plants
影响因子：
18
作者：
Yuan Zhou;A. Dobritsa
通讯作者：
Yuan Zhou;A. Dobritsa

Loss of THIN EXINE2 disrupts multiple processes in the mechanism of pollen exine formation.

DOI：
10.1093/plphys/kiab244
发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
Plant physiology
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Rui Wang;A. Dobritsa
通讯作者：
Rui Wang;A. Dobritsa

Changes in morphogen kinetics and pollen grain size are potential mechanisms of aberrant pollen aperture patterning in previously observed and novel mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana

DOI：
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006800
发表时间：
2019-02-01
期刊：
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Plourde, Shayne M.;Amom, Prativa;Dobritsa, Anna A.
通讯作者：
Dobritsa, Anna A.

A species-specific functional module controls formation of pollen apertures.

DOI：
10.1038/s41477-021-00951-9
发表时间：
2021-07
期刊：
Nature plants
影响因子：
18
作者：
Lee BH;Wang R;Moberg IM;Reeder SH;Amom P;Tan MH;Amstutz K;Chandna P;Helton A;Andrianova EP;Zhulin IB;Dobritsa AA
通讯作者：
Dobritsa AA

Arabidopsis Protein Kinase D6PKL3 Is Involved in the Formation of Distinct Plasma Membrane Aperture Domains on the Pollen Surface