STTR Phase I: Manganese Oxide-Carbon Nanosheet Anodes for Extreme High Power Lithium Ion Batteries

这项小型企业技术转让（STTR）项目的更广泛影响/商业潜力是改进锂离子电池的进步。该项目将评估新的电池化学成分，使其能够比目前全球储能市场上的电池更快地充电。这种高功率密度电池将迎合当前锂离子电池技术严重不足的主要新兴电池领域。这一创新的成功开发将为当前和未来的应用提供好处。显然，大规模部署一种明显优越的储能设备将通过加速在许多应用和产品中摆脱化石燃料而产生重大的社会效益。例如，基于该技术的一种可行的再生制动储能技术将大大减少地铁列车的用电量，同时减少二氧化碳的排放。STTR第一阶段项目旨在解决储能材料中微观结构-性能关系的核心问题，回答一系列关于电荷载流子如何在氧化锰-碳纳米复合阳极中以高速率可逆或不可逆存储的基本问题。在传统的锂离子电池中，石墨基阳极限制了充电速率，在电流增加的情况下会发生灾难性的锂金属电镀和枝晶生长。基于廉价的大麻衍生的碳纳米片和纳米结构的氧化锰阳极，设计高功率锂离子电池的方法有望废除或重新定义许多现有的关于阳极快速速率的“石墨继承”范式。对这种纳米复合材料的合成-结构-性能关系的更清晰的认识将具有广泛的科学和技术意义。研究和开发活动将侧重于结构优化和制造可扩展性，以及制造和测试接近商用的袋状电池形状因素，以证明所提议技术的设备级性能和商业可行性。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) project is the advancement of improved lithium ion batteries. The project will evaluate new battery chemistry enabling more rapid charging rates then currently available in the worldwide energy storage marketplace. Such high power density batteries would cater to a major emerging battery segment where current lithium ion battery technologies fall dramatically short. Successful development of this innovation will provide benefits to both current and future applications. Clearly, large scale deployment of a markedly superior energy storage device will have significant societal benefits by accelerating the move away from fossil fuel in many applications and products. For instance, a viable regenerative braking energy storage technology based on the proposed technology would result in a tremendous reduction in electricity used by subway trains, with a concomitant reduction of CO2 emissions. This STTR Phase I project proposes to address the core of the microstructure - performance relations in energy storing materials, answering a series of fundamental questions regarding how a charge carrier is reversibly or irreversibly stored at high rates in manganese oxide - carbon nanocomposite anodes. In conventional LIBs, it is the graphite-based anode that limits charging rates, with catastrophic lithium metal plating and dendrite growth occurring at increased currents. It is expected that many of the existing "Graphite - Inherited" paradigms regarding fast rate in anodes would be done away with, or substantially redefined with the proposed approach for designing high power lithium ion batteries based on an inexpensive hemp-derived carbon nanosheets and nanostructured manganese oxide anodes. A much clearer understanding of the synthesis - structure - property relations in such nanocomposites will have wide-reaching scientific and technological implications. Research and development activities will focus on structural optimization and manufacturing scalability along with fabrication and testing of near-commercial pouch cell form factors in order to demonstrate device-level performance and commercial viability of the proposed technology.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.