CICI: Data Provenance: Collaborative Research: Provenance Assurance Using Currency Primitives

数据来源是跟踪数据历史记录的能力，包括数据驻留在哪里、由谁处理以及数据存储、转发和处理的系统。这项研究建立在数字货币比特币的架构之上。它开发分布式数据分类账--类似于记账分类账--维护数据历史，这样它就不会被试图隐藏活动的黑客操纵。无论读取哪个分类帐，数据一致性都能确保每个人都能得到关于位置、人员和内容的正确答案。该软件通过使数据负责来提高计算系统的安全性，特别是对在线商务和大数据(“云”)。它保护从受攻击的计算机中获取的法医信息，以供进一步分析。它验证医疗记录是否满足隐私要求。关键成果是一个软件原型，它实现了完整的系统，并说明了存储、维护和更新真实数据的来源信息的能力。数据来源框架将进行设计、原型制作、评估，然后作为应用程序编程接口、软件库和分布式服务交付。这项工作将产生一个可重复使用的分布式服务架构，通过使用维护分类账信息的分布式服务实现可伸缩性。该系统通过构建在比特币的区块链架构上来利用比特币加密货币来安全地维护来源元数据。它利用现有的工具进行产地数据探索和可视化。来自服务器/系统以及用户的数字签名创建关于拥有的双重信息，而分布式分类账从创建元数据的用户那里移除对元数据的控制和维护。该原型允许研究网络安全领域的工作流的长期来源创建、维护和利用，以及研究如何将来源集成到现有文件系统和网络服务中并确保其安全。将使用API、图书馆和分布式分类账原型启用选择加入和被动(非自愿)来源系统，以便在需要时为系统提供数据来源，特别是高保证的云计算和科学工作流程系统。该工具可用于实现来自存档数据和人工制品的发布结果的重现性。

Data provenance is the ability to track data history including things such as where the data resided, who handled it, and what systems stored, forwarded and processed it. This research builds on the architecture of the digital currency Bitcoin. It develops distributed data ledgers - similar to bookkeeping ledgers - that maintain data history so it can't be manipulated by hackers trying to hide their activities. Data consistency guarantees that everyone gets the right answers about where, who, and what regardless of which ledger is read. This software advances the security of computing systems by making data accountable, especially for online commerce and big data ("the cloud''). It secures forensic information taken from compromised computers for further analysis. It validates whether privacy requirements are being met for medical records. The key outcome is a software prototype that implements the complete system and illustrates the ability to store, maintain, and update provenance information for real data. A data provenance framework will be designed, prototyped, evaluated and then delivered as an Application Programmer Interface, software library, and distributed service. This work will produce a reusable distributed service architecture achieving scalability by using distributed services that maintain ledger information. The system leverages Bitcoin cryptocurrency by building on Bitcoin's block-chain architecture to maintain provenance metadata securely. It leverages existing tools for provenance data exploration and visualization. Digital signatures from both the server/system as well as the user creates dual information about possession, while distributed ledgers remove control and maintenance of metadata from the user who creates it. The prototype enables research into long-term provenance creation, maintenance, and utilization for workflows in the area of cybersecurity as well studies of how to integrate and secure provenance into existing file systems and network services. Opt-in and passive (involuntary) provenance systems will be enabled using the API, library, and distributed ledgers prototyped, enabling data provenance for systems where needed, notably high assurance cloud computing and scientific workflow systems. The tool can be used to enable reproducibility of published results from archived data and artifacts.