Career Dynamics: A Longitudinal Analysis of US Firms and Households

职业动态：美国企业和家庭的纵向分析

• 批准号: 1823635
• 负责人: Claudia Goldin
• 金额: $ 50.55万
• 依托单位: National Bureau of Economic Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-15 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1823635&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Career; Dynamics; Longitudinal; Analysis; US

This proposed research will use a large and rich data set to study the sources of the gender earnings (the gap) that widens over the work cycle. It will focus on married couples to explore the costs of flexible and lower-hour jobs, the role of geographic moves that favor one member of the couple over the other, and the relative impact on women of working for lesser-paying firms versus lower wage growth within firms to explain the gap. Despite progress in education and the workplace, women still earn less than men, even when adjusted for education, hours of work, and experience. The Bureau of Labor Statistics' gender earnings gap in the US is around 20 percent for full-time workers. The gap, however, is not a single number. Rather, it is a shifting statistic across lifetimes. The earnings gap for women relative to comparable men is small directly after education is completed. However, the gap widens substantially with family formation, particularly among the most educated. Reducing or eliminating the gender earnings gap has surfaced recently as an issue of vital policy importance. The results of this research will improve the efficiency of the labor market, hence spur economic growth as well as lead to gender equity. The proposed research will construct, and use a large and extraordinary dataset to explore the complicated dynamics of the gender earnings gap (the gap). The research will broaden and deepen our understanding of the widening gender earnings gap by following couples, across time and around critical events, such as marriage and births. The research will use the Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) dataset linked to the US Census, CPS, and ACS survey data. The LEHD gives longitudinal information on individual employee earnings by firm. The linkages to census data will provide further information on the employees and the employment and workplaces of each spouse. The PIs will also be able to perform event studies of earnings and employment responses following changes such as marriage, birth, and household residence and employment moves. The expanded LEHD data platform will make it possible to estimate the impact of tied-stayer, tied-mover effects, do various types of event studies, and link firms to their stated family-friendly policies. The LEHD-Census data makes it possible to analyze important life events and connect the results to existing firm-level policies that are relevant for policies to close the gaps in earnings and employment.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项拟议的研究将使用大量丰富的数据集来研究在工作周期中扩大的性别收入（差距）的来源。它将重点关注已婚夫妇，探讨灵活和低工时工作的成本，地理迁移对夫妇中一方的影响，以及在薪酬较低的公司工作与在公司内工资增长较低对女性的相对影响，以解释这一差距。尽管在教育和工作场所取得了进步，但即使根据教育程度、工作时间和经验进行调整，女性的收入仍然低于男性。美国劳工统计局（Bureau of Labor Statistics）的数据显示，美国全职员工的性别收入差距约为20%。然而，差距并不是一个单一的数字。相反，这是一个随着人的一生不断变化的统计数据。在完成教育后，女性与同等男性的收入差距很小。然而，这一差距随着家庭的形成而大大扩大，尤其是在受教育程度最高的家庭中。最近，缩小或消除性别收入差距已成为一个至关重要的政策问题。这项研究的结果将提高劳动力市场的效率，从而刺激经济增长，并导致性别平等。拟议的研究将构建并使用一个庞大而非凡的数据集来探索性别收入差距（差距）的复杂动态。这项研究将通过追踪夫妇，跨越时间和关键事件（如结婚和生育），拓宽和加深我们对不断扩大的性别收入差距的理解。该研究将使用与美国人口普查、CPS和ACS调查数据相关联的纵向雇主-家庭动态（LEHD）数据集。LEHD提供了公司员工个人收入的纵向信息。与人口普查数据的联系将提供关于雇员以及每一配偶的就业和工作地点的进一步资料。此外，还可以对结婚、出生、居住、就业变动等发生变化后的收入和就业反应进行事件研究。扩展后的LEHD数据平台将能够估计“绑住者”和“绑走者”效应的影响，进行各种类型的事件研究，并将企业与其声明的家庭友好政策联系起来。LEHD-Census数据使分析重要的生活事件成为可能，并将结果与现有的公司层面政策联系起来，这些政策与缩小收入和就业差距的政策相关。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。