The Economics of Carpooling, Road Pricing, and Autonomous Transportation

拼车、道路定价和自主运输的经济学

• 批准号: 1824317
• 负责人: Michael Ostrovsky
• 金额: $ 23.88万
• 依托单位: National Bureau of Economic Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1824317&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Economics; Carpooling; Road; Pricing; Autonomous

This project funds new work in economics that will consider how to best implement three different and complementary transportation technologies. The first is time-sensitive variable tolls (already in use in some areas). The second is mobile ride-sharing apps seamlessly match a driver with additional passengers (to create instant carpools). The third is autonomous passenger vehicles. These technologies are interdependent in many ways, and understanding the likely effects of these technologies requires answers to many different questions. How should tolls be set? How should carpools be created? How much should carpooling passengers pay for the ride? How should the tolls paid depend on the number of passengers in a car? The researcher will use techniques from game theory and economics to answer these questions. Because traffic congestion is a major concern in many urban areas this project will help us understand how to use new technologies to solve an important problem that affects the health of regional economies around the United States.The framework used in the formal modelling blends ideas from coalition formation games (riders form coalitions to carpool and share costs) and competitive equilibrium (road prices are set at levels that clear the market). The framework incorporates interactions between the two components. Tolls impact which carpooling coalitions get formed; in turn, the carpooling coalition formation process impacts the demand for roads. The project also contributes to empirical economics. It will jointly characterize efficient tolls and efficient carpooling arrangements in a unifying framework. The new framework will facilitate and enable the analysis of a variety of other applied questions in transportation economics. The team will also use the framework to conduct simulations of various transportation policies and evaluate the effects on economic welfare and other desired social goals.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目资助经济学的新工作，将考虑如何最好地实施三种不同的和互补的运输技术。第一种是对时间敏感的可变收费（已在某些地区使用）。第二个是移动的拼车应用程序将司机与其他乘客无缝匹配（以创建即时拼车）。第三是自动驾驶汽车。这些技术在许多方面是相互依赖的，了解这些技术可能产生的影响需要回答许多不同的问题。隧道费应如何厘定？如何创建Carpools？拼车乘客应该支付多少费用？如何根据车内乘客的数量支付通行费？研究人员将使用博弈论和经济学的技术来回答这些问题。由于交通拥堵是许多城市地区的主要问题，因此该项目将帮助我们了解如何使用新技术来解决影响美国各地区域经济健康的重要问题。（乘客结成联盟拼车和分担成本）和竞争均衡（道路价格设定在市场出清的水平）。该框架纳入了两个组成部分之间的互动。 通行费影响拼车联盟的形成;反过来，拼车联盟的形成过程影响对道路的需求。该项目也有助于实证经济学。它将在一个统一的框架中共同描述高效通行费和高效拼车安排。新的框架将促进和使各种其他应用问题的分析在运输经济学。该团队还将使用该框架对各种交通政策进行模拟，并评估其对经济福利和其他预期社会目标的影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Carpooling and the Economics of Self-Driving Cars

拼车和自动驾驶汽车的经济性

• DOI: 10.1145/3328526.3329625
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: EC '19 Proceedings of the 2019 ACM Conference on Economics and Computation
• 作者: Ostrovsky, Michael;Schwarz, Michael
• 通讯作者: Schwarz, Michael