Conference Title: WHIM and Cluster Outskirts: Lost and Found Baryons in the Local Universe

温热的星际介质(WHIM)被认为是宇宙中很大一部分普通物质的储存库。在光谱的远紫外线和x射线波段观察这种奇想，可以用吸收光谱揭示高度电离的原子。然而，这些观测揭示的原子比理论预测的要少。《奇想与星团郊区：局域宇宙中的失而复得重子》会议将把理论家和观察者聚集在一起，以更好地理解观测和理论之间的差异。该项目的资金将支持20名研究生和早期科学家的旅费、住宿费和注册费，以便他们能够参加这次国际会议。Whim大会将汇集来自观测、理论和仪器的80名研究人员，以更好地了解当前的观测情况，并计划和开发未来的X射线和FUV仪器和任务。会议还将制定战略，利用多波长观测和改进的X射线光谱分析能力，对高度电离的氧进行更全面的调查。该项目将支持研究生和职业生涯早期科学家参加这次会议。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) is thought to be a reservoir of a large fraction of the ordinary matter in the universe. Observations of the WHIM in the far ultraviolet and x-ray bands of the spectrum can reveal highly ionized atoms using absorption spectroscopy. However, these observations reveal fewer atoms than are theoretically predicted. The conference "WHIM and Cluster Outskirts: Lost and Found Baryons in the Local Universe" will bring together theorists and observers to better understand the discrepancy between observation and theory. Funds for this project will support travel, lodging, and registration expenses for 20 graduate students and early-career scientists so that they can attend this international conference.The WHIM conference will bring together 80 researchers from observation, theory, and instrumentation to better understand current observations and to plan and develop future X-ray and FUV instruments and missions. The conference will also develop strategies for taking advantage of multiwavelength observations and improved X-ray spectroscopy capabilities to perform more complete surveys of highly ionized oxygen. The project will support the participation of graduate students and early-career scientists at this meeting.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.