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Collaborative Research: X-rays, 3D animation and human locomotion

合作研究：X 射线、3D 动画和人体运动

基本信息

批准号：
1825403
负责人：
Kevin Hatala
金额：
$ 12.52万
依托单位：
Chatham College
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-01 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1825403&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research rays 3D animation

项目摘要

Walking efficiently on two legs (bipedalism) is considered a defining characteristic of modern humans, and researchers have long strived to understand how, when, and why human bipedalism evolved. The discoveries of fossilized footprints made by living, moving individuals offer a promising source of data on hominin locomotion to complement what can be learned from fossilized skeletal remains. In this study, X-ray imaging, 3D animation, and computer simulation methods are developed and applied to understand formation of this bipedal record. Such foundational research is required to reconstruct foot anatomy and motion from fossil footprints, and to evaluate competing evolutionary hypotheses about bipedalism. The project represents an interdisciplinary collaboration between primarily undergraduate and major research institutions, with substantial training opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students. Student recruitment will focus on groups historically underrepresented in STEM fields. Results will be translated into pedagogical materials focused on the intersection of science and visual art, and the public will be engaged through museum and media science outreach.Previous studies have developed methods for interpreting aspects of foot anatomy and motion from human footprints, but none have approached the problem mechanistically to understand the complex foot-substrate interactions through which footprints are formed. Direct observation of these interactions has not been possible because human feet and deformable substrates are both opaque, and contact areas are therefore hidden when a foot sinks to form a footprint. Here, biplanar X-ray, 3D animation, and computer simulation methods will be developed to visualize and analyze movement as individuals walk through substrates to create footprints. Direct mechanistic knowledge of foot-substrate interactions is potentially transformative for paleoanthropologists to extract anatomical and functional inferences from fossil human footprints and use these to test evolutionary hypotheses. Further, new imaging and analysis techniques are readily transferrable to other organisms, and may transform other approaches across animal biomechanics.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

用两条腿高效行走（两足行走）被认为是现代人类的一个决定性特征，研究人员长期以来一直在努力了解人类两足行走是如何、何时以及为什么进化的。活着的、活动的人留下的脚印化石的发现，为人类运动提供了一个有希望的数据来源，以补充从骨骼化石中可以学到的东西。在这项研究中，x射线成像、3D动画和计算机模拟方法被开发并应用于了解这种双足动物记录的形成。这样的基础研究需要从化石脚印中重建足部解剖和运动，并评估关于两足动物的竞争性进化假设。该项目主要是本科生和主要研究机构之间的跨学科合作，为本科生和研究生提供大量培训机会。学生招聘将集中在STEM领域历史上代表性不足的群体。研究结果将转化为关注科学与视觉艺术交叉的教学材料，公众将通过博物馆和媒体科学宣传参与其中。以前的研究已经开发了从人类足迹中解释足部解剖学和运动方面的方法，但没有人从机械的角度来理解脚印形成的复杂的脚-基质相互作用。直接观察这些相互作用是不可能的，因为人的脚和可变形的基底都是不透明的，因此当脚下沉形成脚印时，接触区域是隐藏的。在这里，双平面x射线、3D动画和计算机模拟方法将被开发出来，以可视化和分析个人在基材上行走以创造足迹的运动。对于古人类学家来说，脚-基质相互作用的直接机制知识具有潜在的变革意义，可以从化石人类足迹中提取解剖和功能推断，并利用这些推断来测试进化假设。此外，新的成像和分析技术很容易转移到其他生物，并可能改变动物生物力学的其他方法。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Integration of biplanar X-ray, three-dimensional animation and particle simulation reveals details of human ‘track ontogeny’

DOI：
10.1098/rsfs.2020.0075
发表时间：
2021-08
期刊：
Interface Focus
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Kevin G. Hatala;S. Gatesy;P. Falkingham
通讯作者：
Kevin G. Hatala;S. Gatesy;P. Falkingham

Merging biplanar X-ray, 3-D animation, particle simulation, and virtual reality to understand 3-D foot dynamics on deformable substrates

融合双平面 X 射线、3-D 动画、粒子模拟和虚拟现实，以了解可变形基底上的 3-D 足部动力学

DOI：
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
American journal of physical anthropology
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Hatala, Kevin G;Falkingham, Peter L;Megherhi, Sabreen;Perry, David A;Cheleden, Spencer;Novotny, Johannes;Laidlaw, David H;Gatesy, Stephen M
通讯作者：
Gatesy, Stephen M

A new, early Pleistocene hominin footprint site from Koobi Fora, Kenya

来自肯尼亚库比福拉的一个新的更新世早期人类足迹遗址

DOI：
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
American journal of biological anthropology
影响因子：
0
作者：
Hatala, Kevin G;Roach, Neil T;Nyete, Cypriot;Longaye, Apolo A;Leakey, Louise N
通讯作者：
Leakey, Louise N

Deforming feet, deforming substrates: 3D dynamics of the human foot during footprint formation revealed through biplanar X-ray methods

脚部变形、基底变形：通过双平面 X 射线方法揭示足迹形成过程中人脚的 3D 动力学