PAC-ISLEs: Present-day and Ancient Connections between Island Societies and Local Ecosystems

PAC-ISLE：岛屿社会与当地生态系统之间的现代和古代联系

• 批准号: 1827013
• 负责人: Luke Tornabene
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1827013&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PAC; ISLEs; Present; day; Ancient

The islands of Oceania are home to diverse fish communities and a vibrant myriad of human cultures, all of which have histories are inseparably tied to characteristics of the ocean and the islands themselves (e.g. resource availability and habitat space), and extent of connectivity among distant islands (e.g. currents, migration, etc.). These unifying concepts between culture and marine ecology make the holistic study of Pacific Island life ideal for a cross-disciplinary research experience. The PAC-ISLEs program is a year-long research experience punctuated by a six-week trip to Oceania, where students will conduct independent research projects in marine biology and anthropology, and connect the shared themes uniting the two disciplines. Each year new cohorts will visit a different island in Oceania (American Samoa, Tonga, Pohnpei), where they will immerse themselves in local communities and collaborate with key foreign mentors that possess expertise in community-based conservation, marine ecology, and public education. Upon returning to the US, students will take advantage of the extensive natural history and ethnology collections at the Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture to support their research projects, and help them share their findings with the public, including a highly-engaged community of Pacific Islanders in the Seattle metropolitan area and beyond. The islands of Oceania support fish communities and human cultures whose histories are inseparably tied to their physical and geographic characteristics (e.g. resource availability and habitat space), and the extent of connectivity among distant islands (e.g. dispersal potential, gene flow, history of human migrations and trade). Students in the PAC-ISLEs program will travel to a unique island each of three years to explore these ties between culture and marine ecology, and characterize historic changes by measuring similarities in cultural objects or traditional activities among islands, and (for fishes) population genetics, taxonomic composition, and phylogeography. Students working with fish communities will focus mainly on the evolution and community structure of cryptobenthic reef fishes, a poorly studied group that can serve as an ideal indicator for evolutionary and contemporary change across Pacific Islands. Students working on Pacific Island anthropology will focus on aspects of culture that are directly linked to the ocean either through their material origins, or role in passing on knowledge about the ocean to future generations. Much like the biological communities of Pacific Islands, cultural items may be compared across different islands to show the history of change, local adaptation, and technological progression. When these data are analyzed and contextualized with existing and extensive biological and anthropological collections from Oceania at the Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, findings from PAC-ISLEs have the potential to greatly advance our understanding of biological and cultural diversity on and around Pacific Islands, while promoting an equitable exchange of knowledge between scientists and Pacific Islander communities. Student activities extend far beyond the duration of this project, as PAC-ISLEs will help establish a permanent conduit for students to connect with overseas sites that would otherwise be less accessible for students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

大洋洲的岛屿是各种鱼类群落和充满活力的人类文化的家园，所有这些都有着与海洋和岛屿本身的特征（例如资源可用性和栖息地空间）以及遥远岛屿之间的连通程度（例如电流，迁移等）密不可分的历史。文化和海洋生态之间的这些统一概念使太平洋岛屿生活的整体研究成为跨学科研究经验的理想选择。 PAC-ISLEs计划是为期一年的研究经验，其中包括为期六周的大洋洲之旅，学生将在海洋生物学和人类学方面进行独立的研究项目，并将这两个学科的共同主题联系起来。 每年，新的一批人将访问大洋洲的一个不同岛屿（美属萨摩亚、汤加、波恩佩），在那里他们将融入当地社区，并与拥有社区保护、海洋生态和公共教育专业知识的主要外国导师合作。 回到美国后，学生将利用伯克自然历史与文化博物馆丰富的自然历史和民族学藏品来支持他们的研究项目，并帮助他们与公众分享他们的发现，包括西雅图大都市区及其他地区的太平洋岛民高度参与的社区。 大洋洲岛屿支持鱼类群落和人类文化，其历史与其自然和地理特征（例如资源可用性和栖息地空间）以及遥远岛屿之间的连通程度（例如扩散潜力，基因流动，人类迁徙和贸易历史）密不可分。PAC-ISLEs计划的学生将每三年前往一个独特的岛屿，探索文化与海洋生态之间的联系，并通过测量岛屿之间的文物或传统活动的相似性来描述历史变化，以及（鱼类）种群遗传学，分类组成和地理学。与鱼类社区合作的学生将主要关注隐底礁鱼类的进化和社区结构，这是一个研究不足的群体，可以作为太平洋岛屿进化和当代变化的理想指标。在太平洋岛屿人类学工作的学生将专注于文化的方面，这些方面与海洋直接相关，无论是通过他们的物质来源，还是在将海洋知识传递给后代方面的作用。就像太平洋岛屿的生物群落一样，文化项目可以在不同的岛屿之间进行比较，以显示变化，当地适应和技术进步的历史。当这些数据与伯克自然历史和文化博物馆现有的和广泛的生物学和人类学收藏品进行分析和背景化时，PAC-ISLE的发现有可能极大地促进我们对太平洋岛屿及其周围生物和文化多样性的理解，同时促进科学家和太平洋岛民社区之间的公平知识交流。学生的活动远远超出了这个项目的持续时间，因为PAC-ISLE将帮助学生建立一个永久的管道，以连接到海外网站，否则学生将不太容易访问。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得支持的评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

The moment of tooth: rate, fate and pattern of Pacific lingcod dentition revealed by pulse-chase

牙齿的时刻：脉搏追踪揭示太平洋灵鳕牙列的速率、命运和模式

• DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.1436
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
• 作者: Carr, E. M.;Summers, A. P.;Cohen, K. E.
• 通讯作者: Cohen, K. E.

Comparing anesthetic stations and environmental DNA sampling to determine community composition of cryptobenthic coral reef fishes of Vava’u, Kingdom of Tonga

比较麻醉站和环境 DNA 采样以确定汤加王国瓦瓦乌隐底栖珊瑚礁鱼类的群落组成

• DOI: 10.1007/s00338-023-02375-7
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Coral Reefs
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Gómez-Buckley, Marta C.;Gallego, Ramón;Arranz, Vanessa;Halafihi, Tuikolongahau;Stone, Karen;Erdmann, Mark;Tornabene, Luke M.
• 通讯作者: Tornabene, Luke M.

Taurus of the Tidepool? Inferring the Function of Cranial Weapons in Intertidal Sculpins (Pisces: Cottoidea: Oligocottinae)

潮汐池的金牛座？

• DOI: 10.1643/i2022044
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Ichthyology & Herpetology
• 影响因子: 1.5
• 作者: Buser, Thaddaeus J.;Kee, Victoria E.;Terry, Rebecca C.;Summers, Adam P.;Sidlauskas, Brian L.
• 通讯作者: Sidlauskas, Brian L.