MRI: Acquisition of an EyeLink 1000 system to promote oculomotor research at a primarily undergraduate institution

该NSF重大研究仪器奖支持犹他州山谷大学（UVU）行为科学系收购EyeLink 1000 Plus集成眼动追踪系统（S-R Research），该大学主要是本科院校，第一代、少数民族和非传统学生比例很高。该设备的速度，准确性和精度使行为和认知神经科学实验室能够在许多重要领域进行尖端的眼动跟踪研究。例如，眼动追踪系统通过每秒记录多达2,000个不同的数据点来检测眼球运动的细微差异，该系统被用于区分儿童注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的亚型。其他研究正在使用一种创新的方法来评估患有阅读障碍的人在阅读时如何部署他们的注意力。这项研究的结果将为设计阅读干预措施奠定基础，为阅读障碍的初学者，一种影响10-15%的儿童在美国的EyeLink 1000加系统的收购是显着扩大基础和应用研究和研究培训机会为UVU教师和学生一样，并与UVU和其他机构的教师进行跨学科合作。计划中的研究调查了几个领域的视觉注意力：多动症，阅读障碍，比较认知和二维视觉感知。它将有助于大量增加的研究机构，通过尝试区分ADHD亚型的眼球运动，检查非典型人群中眼球控制的发展。使用EyeLink 1000 Plus系统记录简单眼科任务的高分辨率数据，有可能以比现有方法更明确的方式识别核心认知障碍。该研究包括六个传统神经心理学测试的眼科版本，以检查ADHD中常见的执行缺陷领域：激活，注意力定向，设置转换，空间工作记忆，刺激抑制和反应抑制。这种基本的注意力工作将为其他研究人员的应用临床研究提供基础。为了更好地评估患有阅读障碍的个体在阅读时如何部署他们的注意力，患有阅读障碍的儿童和成人被暴露于一系列单句，这些单句将包括当前未固定的即将到来的单词的动态变化（即，在parafelial）。这项工作的结果将通知正常的阅读，以适应阅读障碍的模型的修订，并为未来的阅读障碍阅读研究创建标准化的刺激提供建议。该仪器还将使研究有关的看法的角度在二维表示。长期以来的假设是，正交线驱动观众的眼睛运动。这项研究正在通过记录新手和专家艺术观众在观看具有强或弱深度线索的照片和绘画时的眼球运动来验证这一说法。研究人员将验证这样一个假设：是经验而不是线条本身引导着眼睛。通过收购EyeLink Plus 1000系统，参与尖端变革性研究的机会将扩展到女性和少数民族学生，他们在UVU的行为科学中参与人数众多。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

This NSF Major Research Instrumentation award supports the acquisition of an EyeLink 1000 Plus integrated eye tracking system (S-R Research) in the Behavioral Science Department at Utah Valley University (UVU), a primarily undergraduate institution, with a high proportion of first-generation, minority, and non-traditional students. The speed, accuracy, and precision of this equipment is enabling the Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab to conduct cutting-edge eye tracking research in a number of vital areas. For example, the eye tracking system, which detects subtle differences in eye movements by recording up to 2,000 distinct data points per second, is being used to distinguish subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Other research is using an innovative methodology to assess how individuals with dyslexia deploy their attention while reading. Results of this study will lay a foundation for designing reading interventions for beginning readers with dyslexia, a disorder that affects 10-15% of children in the U.S. The acquisition of the EyeLink 1000 Plus system is significantly expanding both basic and applied research and research training opportunities for UVU faculty and students alike, and opening doors to interdisciplinary collaborations with faculty at UVU and other institutions. The planned research investigates visual attention in several areas: ADHD, dyslexia, comparative cognition, and two-dimensional visual perception. It will contribute to a substantially growing body of research examining the development of oculomotor control in atypical populations by attempting to distinguish eye movements across ADHD subtypes. Using the EyeLink 1000 Plus system to record high-resolution data on simple oculomotor tasks has the potential to identify core cognitive impairments in a more clear-cut manner than existing approaches. The research includes six oculomotor versions of traditional neuropsychological tests to examine common areas of executive deficits seen in ADHD: activation, attentional orienting, set shifting, spatial working memory, stimulus suppression, and response suppression. This basic attentional work will provide a foundation for applied clinical investigations by other researchers. In order to better assess how individuals with dyslexia deploy their attention while reading, children and adults with dyslexia are being exposed to a series of single sentences that will include dynamic changes of upcoming words not currently fixated (i.e., within the parafoveal). The results of this work will inform revisions of models of normal reading to accommodate dyslexia and provide recommendations for creating standardized stimuli for future dyslexia reading research. The instrument will also enable research related to the perception of perspective within two-dimensional representations. The long-held assumption is that orthogonal lines drive the movements of the viewer's eyes. The research is testing this claim by recording eye movements of novice and expert art viewers as they view photographs and paintings with strong or weak depth cues. Researchers will test the hypothesis that experience rather than the lines themselves direct the eyes. The opportunity to participate in cutting-edge, transformative research facilitated by the acquisition of the EyeLink Plus 1000 system will be extended to women and minority students, who participate in high numbers in the behavioral sciences at UVU.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.